Question

The early lack of exposure to science ，technology，engineering and mathematics (STEM) can be harmful to achieving gender (性別）balance in these fields. It begins when we are young and continues throughout our time in high school.
While at home，girls generally don’t get to experience the level of exposure or encouragement in STEM fields that their male counterparts do. It is often subtle ，but it’s the first hurdle that faces and confuses so many women. Boys ，on the other hand, get on their path ，and are encouraged to do so， generally earlier than girls. For example ，boys are more often given science sets as toys ，which spark an interest in these subjects.
In school ₃ boys are often pushed to take the more challenging math and science classes. So if we want to attract the best and brightest minds into the fields that will advance us as a people _? a country，and a planet，we can no longer look to only half of the population. Young girls cannot possibly consider opportunities they do not know exist. If girls are not exposed to certain subject and career paths，they are highly unlikely to choose to follow them in college.
Our bias(偏見)toward girls₉ either from families or from schools ，is so rooted in our culture that we often don’t even recognize it. Although the situation Has changed greatly in the past 20 or 30 years，there is still a sense that girls aren't as good at math ₉ for instance ₉ even though there is almost no evidence to support such a belief.
It is important that as a society we deal with gender stereotypes long before young people are faced with a decision to declare or choose a major in college. Without making efforts to break them， we are limiting the potentials of our youth，both male and female. Providing the necessary resources， exposure _, and encouragement would help young women understand that their gender shouldn^’t determine the career path they choose, and that pursuing a STEM career does not make them less feminine.
【小題1】According to the passage _? not many girls grow to enter STEM fields because______.

A．girls are not as good at STEM as boys

B．girls do not like to take science classes

C．girls get fewer chances to know about STEM

D．girls seldom survive the high pressure positions

【小題2】The underlined word “it” in Para. 4 refers to______

A．our bias

B．our culture

C．the situation

D．a sense

【小題3】The main purpose of the passage is to______.

A．show women’s potentials in STEM fields

B．praise women’s contributions to STEM fields

C．describe the present gender bias in STEM fields

D．call for more involvement of women in STEM fields

【小題4】Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?

Answer 1

【小題1】C
【小題2】A
【小題3】D
【小題4】D

解析試題分析：本文介紹了沒有很多女性進入STEM領域工作，是因為她們沒有什么機會接觸這方面的知識。是由于我們的文化導致對女性的偏見，呼吁多一些女性參與STEM領域的工作。
【小題1】細節題：從第二段的句子：While at home，girls generally don’t get to experience the level of exposure or encouragement in STEM fields that their male counterparts do.可知沒有很多女性進入STEM領域工作，是因為她們沒有什么機會接觸這方面的知識。選C
【小題2】猜詞題：我們的偏見扎根于文化，以至于我們都沒有意識到這種偏見。選A
【小題3】推理題：從最后一段的句子：Providing the necessary resources， exposure _, and encouragement would help young women understand that their gender shouldn^’t determine the career path they choose, and that pursuing a STEM career does not make them less feminine.可知文章呼吁在STEM領域多一些女性。選D
【小題4】文章結構題：文章第一段提出話題：現在女性在STEM領域的很少是因為早年沒有接觸到這方面的知識。第二段講的是在家里的情況，第三段是在學校的情況，第四段把上兩段總結起來說，第五段是這篇文章的總結。選D
考點：考查社會現象類短文
點評：本文介紹了沒有很多女性進入STEM領域工作，是因為她們沒有什么機會接觸這方面的知識。是由于我們的文化導致對女性的偏見，呼吁多一些女性參與STEM領域的工作。這類文章結構清晰易懂，。集中考查了句意理解題和細節題，要求考生有較強的細節理解能力。做題時也可以結合自己的生活常識和經驗，再通過邏輯推理和判斷。文章結構圖的解答關鍵是弄清每段的大意。