高考英語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)單選設(shè)陷題分析
----介詞考點(diǎn)
介詞考點(diǎn)
◆典型陷阱題分析◆
1. "You went late _______ the stadium yesterday evening, didn't you?" "Yes, my wife was a little late _______ the supper."
A. to, with B. for, with
C. for, for D. at, for
【陷阱】容易誤選 B 或D。
【分析】答案應(yīng)選 A。第一空填to 比較好理解，因?yàn)榇颂幍膌ate為副詞，用以修飾 go to the stadium 中的動(dòng)詞go；而第二句的 with 則是許多同學(xué)不容易想到的，相反，更多地可能是想到 for，現(xiàn)將兩者區(qū)別如下：be late for表示做某事遲到，而be late with 表示做某事做晚了(=be late in doing sth)。比較：
We were late for dinner. 我們吃飯遲到了。
We were late with dinner [=in having dinner]. 我們吃飯吃得遲。
句中 my wife was a little late with the supper 的意思是"我妻子準(zhǔn)備晚飯稍遲了一點(diǎn)"。
2. We were all worried over _______ you were sick.
A. that B. which
C. what D. the fact that
【陷阱】容易誤選 A 或 B。
【分析】答案應(yīng)選 D。按英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣，除except, but 等極個(gè)別介詞外，英語(yǔ)介詞后通常不能直接跟 that 從句作賓語(yǔ)。遇此情況，通常是在 that 從句前加上 the fact，此時(shí) the fact 用作介詞賓語(yǔ)，而其后 that 從句則用作 the fact 的同位語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)看類(lèi)似試題（答案選均D）：
(1) They knew nothing about ______ he was a thief.
A. that B. which
C. what D. the fact that
(2) She must face up to _______ she is no longer young.
A. that B. which
C. what D. the fact that
(3) What he said at the meeting referred to _______ he was interested in the project.
A. that B. which
C. what D. the fact that
(4) Their belief is proved by the fact that the death penalty prevents murder.
A. that B. which
C. what D. the fact that
(5) The writer is not satisfied with _______ buses are too crowded.
A. that B. which
C. what D. the fact that
3. Sometimes our opinions differ _______ what we choose to observe and how we deal with what we've observed
A. which B. since
C. because D. because of
【陷阱】容易誤選C。因?yàn)榘从⒄Z(yǔ)語(yǔ)法習(xí)慣，because是連詞，其后接句子；而because of是復(fù)合介詞，其后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞等。
【分析】此題答案選D。because 作為從屬連詞，主要用于引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，既然是引導(dǎo)一個(gè)從句，也就是說(shuō)它的后面不能再連用"引導(dǎo)詞"。如：
He was angry because we were late. 他很生氣因?yàn)槲覀冞t到了。
They can't have gone out because the light is on. 他們不可能出去了，因?yàn)闊暨�亮著。
Bread is cheap in this supermarket because they bake it themselves.這家超市的面包是自制的，所以便宜。
假若，一個(gè)從句已經(jīng)有了自己的"引導(dǎo)詞"，那么它前面就不宜再用 because 這個(gè)連詞了。如：
She got angry because of what you said. 她哭是因?yàn)槟阏f(shuō)的話(huà)。
句中的 what 相當(dāng)于 the thing that，也就是說(shuō) what you said 相當(dāng)于 the thing that you said。其中 the thing 用作 because of 的賓語(yǔ)，而that you said 為修飾 the thing 的定語(yǔ)從句。
He lost his job because of how he treated his boss. 他因?yàn)閷?duì)老板的態(tài)度(不好)而丟了工作。
句中的 how 相當(dāng)于 the way in which，也就是說(shuō) how he treated his boss相當(dāng)于 the way in which he treated his boss。其中 the way 用作 because of 的賓語(yǔ)，而in which he treated his boss 為修飾 the way 的定語(yǔ)從句。
4. "How long have you been an actor?" "_______ 1995, when I graduated from college."
A. After B. In
C. From D. Since
【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。
【分析】最佳答案為D。若僅從答句來(lái)看，四個(gè)答案都說(shuō)得過(guò)去。但若結(jié)合問(wèn)句的語(yǔ)境以答案應(yīng)選D，因?yàn)槠溆嗳x項(xiàng)填入空格均不能回答問(wèn)句所提出的問(wèn)題。比較：
"When did you became an actor?" "_______ 2008, when I graduated from college."
A. After B. In
C. From D. Since
此題選B，因?yàn)閱?wèn)句問(wèn)的是when(何時(shí))，所以用 in 2008 來(lái)回答便順理成章。
請(qǐng)?jiān)倏磧深}：
(1) "How long have you worked on the farm?" "____ the end of last year."
A. In B. By
C. At D. Since
答案選D，用 since the end of last year 回答 how long，即問(wèn)句問(wèn)"工作了多久"，答句說(shuō)"自去年年底至今"。
(2) "How long will you work on the farm?" "____ the end of next year."
A. In B. By
C. At D. Since
答案選B，問(wèn)句問(wèn)"將工作多久"，答句說(shuō)"工作明年明底"。
(3) "When did you leave the farm?" "____ the end of last year."
A. In B. By
C. At D. Since
答案選C，問(wèn)句問(wèn)"何時(shí)離開(kāi)"，答句說(shuō)"去年明底離開(kāi)"。
5. Don't be angry _______ me for not having written. I was really too busy.
A. about B. with
C. to D. for
【陷阱】容易誤選B。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)的"對(duì)某人生氣"，將其中的"對(duì)"直譯為to。
【分析】最佳答案為 B。按英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣，要表示對(duì)某人生氣，通常用 be angry with [at] sb，要表示對(duì)某事生氣，通常用 be angry at [about] sth(在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中也用 be angry with sth，但不說(shuō) be angry with sb)。比較以下表達(dá)，其中的"對(duì)"也不用to來(lái)翻譯：
你對(duì)這些安排感到滿(mǎn)意嗎?
誤：Did you feel satisfied to the arrangements?
正：Did you feel satisfied with the arrangements?
老師應(yīng)該對(duì)他的學(xué)生嚴(yán)格要求。
誤：Teachers should be strict to their students.
正：Teachers should be strict with their students.
6. In those days, we had no phones, so we have to keep in touch _____ writing often.
A. with B. of
C. on D. by
【陷阱】容易誤選A。根據(jù) keep in touch with (與……保持聯(lián)系)這一常用搭配推出。
【分析】正確答案是D。by 在這里表示方式，by writing 意為"通過(guò)寫(xiě)信"，全句意為"我們通過(guò)經(jīng)常寫(xiě)信保持聯(lián)系"。請(qǐng)?jiān)倏磶桌?均與介詞搭配有關(guān))：
(1) We've talked a lot _______ films. How _____ television now?
A. of, with B. with, towards
C. about, about D. for, about
此題不要受 a lot of的影響而誤選A。若第一空選 of，a lot of cars 即為動(dòng)詞 talk 的賓語(yǔ)，但實(shí)際上動(dòng)詞 talk 是不及物動(dòng)詞，不能后接賓語(yǔ)。最佳答案應(yīng)是C，句中的a lot是修飾動(dòng)詞 talked 的狀語(yǔ)，talk about才是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。 全句意為"我們對(duì)電影已談了不少，現(xiàn)在談?wù)勲娨曉趺礃?" What about…意為"……怎么樣"，用于征求意見(jiàn)。
(2) We all regarded the poor old man ____sympathy.
A. as B. with
C. of D. by
有的同學(xué)一看到句中的 regard 和選項(xiàng)中的 as，馬上就聯(lián)想到 regard … as … (把……當(dāng)作……)這一搭配，從而斷定此題應(yīng)選A。但是錯(cuò)了，原因是將此搭配套入原句，句子意思不通。正確答案是B，句意為"我們大家都很同情這位老人"。
◆精編題訓(xùn)練◆
1. So far, several ships have been reported
missing _______ the coast of Bermuda
A. off B. along
C. on D. around
2. "How long have you stayed in this hotel?" "Not long, just ______ this Monday."
A. on B. since
C. until D. after
3. The lift in that tall building went wrong and got trapped _____ floors. People in it had no way to get out.
A. in B. between
C. among D. on
4. "What a terrible rain we are having!" "Yes. We are asked to pay more attention to the information about the rain ______ flood."
A. as well as B. so long as
C. because of D. in case of
5. _____ their inexperience, they've done a good job.
A. Given B. Supposed
C. Considered D. Concluded
6. They promise that the work would all be finished _____ next week.
A. until B. in
C. by D. to
7. _______ reading the letter, what has he done?
A. Because of B. Except
C. Besides D. But for
8. "How did the robber get in?" "______ an open window on the first floor."
A. Past B. From
C. Over D. Through
9. She knew nothing about his journey _______ he was likely to be away for three months.
A. Except B. except for
C. except that D. in addition
10. He usually goes to work by bike _______ it rains.
A .except B. except when
C. except for D. except that
11. I found the island a wonderful place for our experiments _______ the hot weather.
A. besides B. except for
C. except D. except that
12. ______ the weather, we had a pleasant time.
A. Except B. Except for
C. But D. Besides
13. He always did well at school ______ having to do part-time jobs every now and then.
A. in spite of B. instead of
C. in case of D. in favor of
14. As it was almost time for the flight, all the passengers got ______ the plane.
A. around B. abroad
C. aboard D. ahead
【答案與解析】
1. 選A。off 用作介詞時(shí)可表示距離，此時(shí)尤其用于指距離某一大路或靠近某海面。又如：
Our house is about 20 meters off the main road. 我們家離大路大約有20米遠(yuǎn)。
The ship anchored a mile off the coast. 輪船拋錨停泊在離海岸1英里的地方。
2. 選B。此答句為省略句，補(bǔ)充完整為：I've stayed in this hotel since this Monday.
3. 選 B。between floors 指在兩層樓之間。類(lèi)例地，以下各例也選between：
Don't eat anything ______ meals if you want to lose weight.
4. 選D。復(fù)合介詞in case of有兩個(gè)意思，一是表示條件，意為"如果"；二是表示目的，意為"以防"。如：
In case of fire, call 119. 萬(wàn)一失火，就打119電話(huà)。
Take an umbrella with you in case of rain. 帶把雨傘，以防下雨。
5. 選A，given 在此用作介詞，意為"考慮到"。又如：Given the low price, I decided to buy it. 考慮到價(jià)格很低，我決定把它買(mǎi)下。
6. 選C，by 意為"最遲到……之前，到……的時(shí)候已經(jīng)"。類(lèi)例地，下面一題也選by：
The train leaves at 6:00 p.m. So I have to be at the station _______5:40 p.m. at the latest.
A. until B. after
C. around D. by
7. 選C。besides 意為"除……之外，還"。又如：
He has another car besides this. 除了這輛車(chē)外，他還有一輛。
Besides being a teacher, he was a poet. 除了是位教師外，他還是位詩(shī)人。
Did he do anything besides hitting you? 除了打你之外，他還有沒(méi)有別的什么舉動(dòng)?
8. 選D。through 意為"穿過(guò)，貫穿，經(jīng)過(guò)，透過(guò)"。又如：
The train ran through the tunnel. 火車(chē)穿過(guò)隧道。
I saw you through the window. 我是透過(guò)窗子看到你的。
9. 選 C。在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有except that 后可接句子。
10. 選B。except when 和 except that 后均可接句子，但前者含"當(dāng)……的時(shí)候"的意思，而后者則沒(méi)有這個(gè)意思。
11. 選B。except 與 except for的區(qū)別是：前者主要用來(lái)談?wù)撏?lèi)的東西；后者主要用來(lái)談?wù)摬煌?lèi)的東西，在說(shuō)明情況后作細(xì)節(jié)上的修正，有時(shí)含有惋惜之意。
12. 選B，except 和 except for 均可表示排除，但若是表示談?wù)摬煌?lèi)的對(duì)象，通常用 except for。另外，except 通常不用于句首。
13. 選A。比較：in spite of=雖然，盡管…仍；instead of=代替，取而代之；in case of=假設(shè)，萬(wàn)一；in favour of=贊同，有利于。
14. 選C。aboard 用作介詞時(shí)意思"在(船、飛機(jī)、車(chē))上"、"上(船、飛機(jī)、車(chē))"。
---定語(yǔ)從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句
1. The factory was built in a secret place, around _________ high mountains.
A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were
【陷阱】容易誤選A或B，將A、B中的 which 和 it 誤認(rèn)為是其后句子的主語(yǔ)。
【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一個(gè)由"介詞+which"引出的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，而在該從句中，主語(yǔ)是 high mountains，around which 是表語(yǔ)，所以句子謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)were，而不是用單數(shù) was。請(qǐng)做以下類(lèi)例題目（答案均為C）：
(1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _________ some fruit shops.
A. which is B. it is C. which are D. them are
(2) The murder happened in an old building, beside _________ the city police station.
A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are
(3) Next month we'll move to a new building, next to _________ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food.
A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are
2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, "Is there a hospital around _________ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?"
A. that B. which C. where D. what
【陷阱】容易誤選 B，認(rèn)為 around 是介詞，選 which 用以代替前面的名詞 hospital，在此用作介詞 around 的賓語(yǔ)。
【分析】最佳答案為C。以上語(yǔ)法分析并不算錯(cuò)，但問(wèn)題是，照此分析，此句的意思即為：有沒(méi)有這樣一個(gè)醫(yī)院，我在它的附近可以買(mǎi)藥治我的手傷？這樣的語(yǔ)境顯然有點(diǎn)不合情理，因?yàn)槿藗兺ǔＪ窃卺t(yī)院里面治傷，而不是在醫(yī)院附近治傷。此題選 C 的理由是：句中的 around 不是介詞，而是副詞，意為"在附近"；其后的 where 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用以修飾其前的地點(diǎn)名詞 hospital，句意為：附近有沒(méi)有一家醫(yī)院，我可以去治我的手傷？
3. David is such a good boy _________ all the teachers like.
A. that B. who C. as D. whom
【陷阱】此題容易誤選A，許多同學(xué)一看到題干中的such，再聯(lián)系到選項(xiàng)中的 that，便認(rèn)為這是考查such … that …句式。況且，這樣理解意思也還通順。
【分析】最佳答案為C，不是A，因?yàn)樵趕uch … that … (如此……以至……)結(jié)構(gòu)中，that 引導(dǎo)的是結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，并且 that 在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，若在上句填入 such … that …，句末的動(dòng)詞 like 缺賓語(yǔ)。選C的理由如下：as 用作關(guān)系代詞，用以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾其前的名詞 boy，同時(shí) as 在定語(yǔ)從句中用作動(dòng)詞 like 的賓語(yǔ)，句意為"所有老師都喜歡的一位好男孩"。有的同學(xué)可能還會(huì)問(wèn)，假若選A，能否將其后的 that 視為引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞呢？不能，因?yàn)楫?dāng)先行詞受到 such 的修飾時(shí)，其后的定語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞 as 來(lái)引導(dǎo)，而不用that。比較下面一題，答案為A，因?yàn)?like 后有自己的賓語(yǔ) him：
David is such a good boy _________ all the teachers like him.
A. that B. who C. as D. whom
請(qǐng)?jiān)僮鲆韵略囶}（答案選D）：
It was not such a good dinner _________ she had promised us.
A. like B. that C. which D. as
4. The buses, most of _________ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.
A. that B. it C. them D. which
【陷阱】容易誤選 C，用 them 代指 the buses。
【分析】最佳答案是D。most of which were already full 為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾 the buses。類(lèi)似地，以下各題也選D：
(1) His house, for _________ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000.
A. that B. it C. them D. which
(2) Ashdown forest, through _________ we'll be driving, isn't a forest any longer.
A. that B. it C. them D. which
(3) This I did at nine o'clock, after _________ I sat reading the paper.
A. that B. it C. them D. which
類(lèi)似地，以下各題選 whom，不選 them：
(4) George, with _________ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.
A. that B. him C. them D. whom
(5) Her sons, both of _________ work abroad, will come back home this summer.
A. that B. who C. them D. whom
(6) I met the fruit-pickers, several of _________ were still university students.
A. that B. who C. them D. whom
5. He had a lot of friends, only a few of _________ invited to his wedding.
A. whom B. them C. which D. who
【陷阱】容易誤選 A，認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
【分析】最佳答案是B，這不是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，而是一個(gè)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，因?yàn)榭崭窈蟮膭?dòng)詞 invited 并不是一個(gè)完整的謂語(yǔ)，而是一個(gè)過(guò)去分詞。當(dāng)然，假若在 invited 前加上助動(dòng)詞 were，則是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，答案便應(yīng)選A。比較：
(1) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _________ carried out in their work.
A. which B. them C. what D. that
答案選B，none of them carried out in their work 是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，其中的 carried out 為過(guò)去分詞。
(2) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _________ were carried out in their work.
A. which B. them C. what D. that
答案選A，none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，注意與上例比較句中多了一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞were。
(3) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _________ were carried out in their work.
A. which B. them C. what D. that
答案選B，由于兩句之間增加了一個(gè)并列連詞but，使得該句成了一個(gè)并列句。
6. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents seated together joking.
A. their B. whose C. which D. that
【陷阱】容易誤選B，認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
【分析】最佳答案是A。與上面一題相似，their parents seated together joking 不是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，而是一個(gè)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，因?yàn)榭崭窈蟮膭?dòng)詞 seated 不是謂語(yǔ)，而是一個(gè)過(guò)去分詞，因?yàn)?seat 作動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，是及物動(dòng)詞。比較以下相似題：
(1) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents were seated together joking.
A. their B. whose C. which D. that
選B。whose parents were seated together joking 為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，因?yàn)槠浜笥型暾闹^語(yǔ) were seated。
(2) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _________ parents were seated together joking.
A. their B. whose C. which D. that
選A。因?yàn)榫渲杏胁⒘羞B詞and，整個(gè)句子為并列句。
(3) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents sitting together joking.
A. their B. whose C. which D. that
選A。their parents sitting together joking 為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。
(4) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents sat together joking.
A. their B. whose C. which D. that
選B。whose parents sat together joking 為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，因?yàn)榫渲杏型暾闹^語(yǔ) sat。
(5) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents were sitting together joking.
A. their B. whose C. which D. that
選B。whose parents were sitting together joking 為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，因?yàn)榫渲杏型暾闹^語(yǔ) were sitting。
7. If the man is only interested in your looks, _________ just shows how shallow he is.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
【陷阱】容易誤選A或B，誤這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
【分析】正確答案為D，注意逗號(hào)前是一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，逗號(hào)后是該狀語(yǔ)從句的主句，that 在此代表前文所述的情況，用作主句的主語(yǔ)。類(lèi)似地，下面幾道題也選 that，而不選 which：
(1) If you promise to go with us, _________ will be OK.
A. as B. which C. and it D. that
(2) If you want a double room, _________ will cost another ￡15.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
(3) Whether you go or not, _________ is quite all right with me.
A. that B. which C. and it D. so
(4) When I say two hours, _________ includes time for eating.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
典型高考英語(yǔ)陷阱題詳解-強(qiáng)調(diào)句
1. "How was _________ they discovered the entrance to the underground palace?" "Totally by chance."
A. it that B. he that C. it when D. he which
【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均可能誤選。
【分析】答案選A，為強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式，其相應(yīng)的陳述句形式為：
It was totally by chance that they discovered the entrance to the underground palace.
比較以下各題，它們也屬?gòu)?qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式：
(1) Who was it _________ saved the drowning girl?
A. since B. as C. that D. he
答案選C，被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分為 who，該句實(shí)為類(lèi)似 It was Tom that saved the drowning girl. 這類(lèi)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式（即對(duì)其中的Tom 提問(wèn)而得）。
(2) What is it _________ his daughter needs most?
A. what B. which C. that D. if
答案選C，被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分為 what，該句實(shí)為類(lèi)似 It is a bike that his daughter needs most. 這類(lèi)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式（即對(duì)其中的a bike 提問(wèn)而得）。
2. "Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday?" "It was in the hall _________ the students often have a meeting."
A. where B. which C. that D. when
【陷阱】很可能誤選C，認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) in the hall。
【分析】假若選C，即有 It was in the hall that the students often have a meeting，該句的意思是"學(xué)生們通常是在大廳開(kāi)會(huì)"，單獨(dú)看這一句，無(wú)論是其意思還是其語(yǔ)法均未錯(cuò)，但若將其與上文聯(lián)系起來(lái)看，則不通，因?yàn)樯衔牡囊馑际?quot;你是在哪兒找到昨天作報(bào)告的那位教授的?"假若將答句改為 It was in the hall that I found the professor，則完全可以。
其實(shí)，此題的最佳答案是A，where the students often have a meeting 為定語(yǔ)從句，用以修飾其前的名詞 the hall，句意為"是在學(xué)生們經(jīng)常開(kāi)會(huì)的那個(gè)大廳(找到教授的)"，這樣語(yǔ)意就通順了。
3. It was what he meant rather than what he said _________ annoyed me.
A. which B. as C. what D. that
【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。
【分析】此題為一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，空格處應(yīng)填 that (即選D)，被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分為 what he meant rather than what he said。句意為"讓我生氣的不是他說(shuō)的話(huà)，而是他話(huà)中的意思"。請(qǐng)?jiān)倏磧衫?/p>
(1) It was his nervousness in the interview _________ probably lost him the job.
A. which B. since C. that D. what
答案選C，為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分為 his nervousness in the interview，句意為"很可能是面試時(shí)表現(xiàn)出緊張，使他失去了這份工作"。
(2) It is the ability to do the job _________ matters not where you come from or what you are.
A. one B. that C. what D. it
答案選B，為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分為 the ability to do the job，句意為"重要的是你做工作的能力，而不是你來(lái)自何地或你是從事什么工作的"。
4. It was in the small house _________ was built with stones by his father _________ he spent his childhood.
A. which, that B. that, which C. which, which D. that, where
【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選，主要是分不清為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，或即使分清為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，也分不清強(qiáng)調(diào)哪一個(gè)成分。
【分析】答案選A，第一空填 which，用以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句；第二空填that，為強(qiáng)調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)詞，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為 in the small house (以及修飾它的定語(yǔ)從句 which was built with stones by his father)。此題難就難在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中套用了定語(yǔ)從句。請(qǐng)?jiān)倏搭?lèi)似例子：
(1) It was the boy _________ had been in prison _________ stole the money.
A. who, where B. that, how C. who, that D. that, which
此題答案選C，全句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分是 the boy (以及修飾它的定語(yǔ)從句who had been in prison)。
(2) It was just in the room _________ he was born _________ he died.
A. where, which B. that, that C. where, that D. which, that
此題答案選C，全句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分是 in this room，where he was born 為修飾 the room 的定語(yǔ)從句。
5. "Was it under the tree _________ you were away talking to a friend?" "Sure. But when I got back there, the bike was gone.
A. that B. where C. which D. while
【陷阱】此題很容易誤選A，認(rèn)為這是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。
【分析】其實(shí)此題應(yīng)選D。做好此題的關(guān)鍵是正確理解上下文的語(yǔ)境。在此句中，it 是代詞，指代 the bike，句意為："當(dāng)你離開(kāi)去同朋友談話(huà)的時(shí)候，你的自行車(chē)是在這樹(shù)下嗎?""當(dāng)然，但當(dāng)我回來(lái)時(shí)，自行車(chē)就不見(jiàn)了。"現(xiàn)在反過(guò)來(lái)分析一下，假若選A，將此句判為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，句子即為 Was it under the tree that you were away talking to a friend? 若進(jìn)一步轉(zhuǎn)換為非強(qiáng)調(diào)句，句子則為 Under the tree while you were talking to a friend，句意顯然很荒唐。
6. It's more than half a century _________ my grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people.
A. when B. that C. since D. while
【陷阱】容易誤選B，認(rèn)為這是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。
【分析】假若選B，將此句分析為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，那么若將此句還原為非強(qiáng)調(diào)句就應(yīng)該是My grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people more than half a century. 很顯然, 句中的 more than half a century 是一段時(shí)間，然而它修飾的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 joined…became 卻是兩個(gè)終止性動(dòng)詞，這顯然不合適。其實(shí)，此題應(yīng)選C，屬于"It is＋一段時(shí)間＋since 從句"句型，句意為"我爺爺加入黨組織成為人民的公仆已有半個(gè)多世紀(jì)了"。此句的主句謂語(yǔ)也可以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)(has been)，但在口語(yǔ)中多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替。
7. It was lack of money, not of effort, _________ defeated their plan.
A. which B. as C. that D. what
【陷阱】容易誤選A，受空格前逗號(hào)的影響，誤認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，從而誤選了A。
【分析】其實(shí)，此題最佳答案為C，整個(gè)句子為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分為 lack of money, not of effort。由于句中插入 not of effort 這一結(jié)構(gòu)，干擾了許多同學(xué)對(duì) it was lack of money that defeated their plan 這一強(qiáng)調(diào)句的認(rèn)識(shí)和理解。
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