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6.it的用法:

①.it指前面己經提到的人或事物

②.模糊it: it指時間, 季節, 氣候, 距離, 情況等

　　　　 a. It is time for the meeting.

　　　　 b. It is Saturday today.

　　　　 c. It is fine today.

　　　　 d. It often rains in summer and it often snows in winter in this city.

　　　　 e. It is five kilometer from home to the school.

　　　　 f. It is well with you ? 你身體好嗎?

③.it作形式主語: it作形式主語時, 真正的主語可以是動詞不定式, 動名詞或由that引導的主語從句.當句中的這些真正主語用詞較多時, 常用it作形式主語, 而把真正的主語移到后面

　 　　　a. It is a good habit to do morning exercise.

　 　　　b. It is no use learning without thinking.

　 　　　c. It is pity that you didn’t see such a good film.

　　 ④.it作形式賓語: it作形式賓語時, 真正的賓語可以是不定式, 動名詞或that引導的賓語從句. 當賓語之后有賓補, 而作賓語的不定式或賓語從句用詞較多時, 常用it作形式賓語, 而把真正的賓語移到后面

　 　　　a. I find it easy to learn English well if in the right way.

　 　　　b. I consider it wrong that you stand too close to an Englishman.

　 　　　c. They want to make it clear that they are doing an important and necessary job.

　　 ⑤.it用于強調句型: It + is / was + 被強調的部分 + that / who + 其他

　 　　　a. Professor Wang teaches us English every Monday afternoon.(一般陳述句)

　 　　　b. It is Professor Wang that / who teaches us English every Monday afternoon.(強調句)

　　　　 c. It is us that / who Professor Wang teaches English every Monday afternoon.(強調句)

d. It is English that Professor Wang teaches us every Monday afternoon.(強調句)

　　　　 e. It is every Monday afternoon that Professor teaches us English.(強調句)

不定代詞

5.the same的用法: the same =同樣(的), 可以作定語, 表語, 主語和賓語

　　　 　　a. They left for Beijing on the same day.

　　　 　　b. He will go to swim and I’ll do the same.

　　　 　　c. Whether he will come or not, it is all the same to me.

4.such的用法

　 　①.such代替或修飾可數與不可數名詞都可

　　　 　　a. He is such a man.

　　　 　　b. I don’t like such words.

　　　 　　c. Such is our plan.

　 　②.such應位于no, one, another, some, many, all等詞之后

　　　 　　a. One such grammar book is enough.

　 　③.such + a(n) + adj. + n結構等同于so + adj. + a(n) + n, 如:

　　　 　　a. It is such a good chance. =It is so good a chance.

　 　④.如果名詞為[U], 則只能用such而不能用so, 如:

　　　 　　a. He has made such great progress.

　　　 　　b. It was such good weather.

　 　⑤.如果名詞被many / much / little / few四個詞修飾, 則要用so而不用such, 如:

　　　 　　a. He has made so much progress.

3.that / those還可用來代替上文出現過的名詞.作此用法時, 它們的用法及與one / ones的對比見下表

　　　 　　a. The weather in Beijing is not so hot as that ( = the weather ) in Shanghai.

　　　 　　b. The population of China is a quarter of that ( = the population ) of the world.

　　　 　　c. The students in class one work harder than those ( = the students ) in class two.

　　　 　d. The question is an easy one.

　　　 　e. Which pencils do you want ? The red ones.

　　　 　f. He has a new coat and several old ones.

　　　 　g. I have lost my pen. I am going to buy one.

2.this / these常指后面要提到的事物, 有啟下的作用; 而that / those常指前面講到過的事物, 有承上的作用

　　　 　　a. What I want to tell you is this: The meeting is put off until Friday.

　　　 　　b. He had a bad cold. That is why he didn’t attend the meeting.

1.this / these常指時間, 空間或心理上較近的人或物, that / those常指時間, 空間或心理上較遠的人或物

2.在句中作名詞或代詞的同位語, 以加強名詞或代詞的語氣, 一般表示 “親自” “本人”

　　　 　　a. I myself did the work.

　　　 　　b. You had better ask Tom himself.

指示代詞

1.作賓語:

　　　 　　a. He taught himself English.

　　　 　　b. He is old enough to look after himself.

4.物主代詞用法應注意的問題:

　　 ①.動名詞的邏輯主語如果位于句首, 則多用物主代詞, 如:

　　　 　　a. His coming late made everyone angry.

　 　②.在介詞后, 表示身體某部位或身上某位置的名詞前, 用the而不用物主代詞, 如:

　　　 　　a. I’ve hurt him in the finger.

　　　 　　b. He hit me on the back.

c. He caught me by the hair.

　　　 　　d. The man pulled me by the sleeve.揪住了我的衣袖.

反身代詞

3. “of +名詞性物主代詞”可構成雙重所有格, 如:

　　　 　　a. Wang Ling is a friend of mine.

b. This baby of hers is so lovely.