幾種典型的英語作文開頭引述方法
Type1引述他人觀點（為提出自己觀點鋪墊）
[1] It is widely（commonly） accepted（hold）+THAT
[2] A widely accepted（commonly） hold idea（point of view，viewpoint， opinion，assumption）is +THAT/NP
[3] A/The dominant（prevalent， prevailing）idea（see [2]）is NP/to DO
[4] It is taken for granted+THAT（or：We often/frequently take it for granted THAT）
[5] People（The majority） seem to get accustomed to the idea（see [2]），without questioning，THAT
[6] People are willing to regard NP1 as NP2/ADJ
[7] People are willing to DO，while reluctant to DO
Type2提出異議
[1] However （But），…
[2] Such idea（see[1-2]），if not entirely ADJ1，is somewhat ADJ2 and needs careful consideration.
ADJI=unreasonable，unacceptable， inappropriate，improper，undesirable，etc；
ADJ2=misleading，doubtrul， etc
[3] In fact（As a matter of fact），…（follow[2]）
[4] However， it is not （quite， necessarily）the case.
[5] This （It） is not （quite， necessarily） the case and needs to bo fruther considered/discussed.（or：further consideration/discussion）
Type3論述的展開：說明原因和理由，層進，舉例，轉折
[1] The reason lies in several aspects，
[2] The reason why+clause+[1， underlined]
[3] There are several remarkable reasons.
[4] 層進in addition， besides， fruthermore， what’s more， on the other hand， meanwhile， for one thing…for another； finally， above all， in short.
[5] 舉例for example， for instance， such （general term） as （specific terms），a typical （striking） example is that， a case in point
[6] 轉折however， but， nevertheless，on the contrary
[7] 條件if ， provided that， unless， as long as，etc
Type4 就…而言；關于
[1] as far as …is/are concemed： As far as current situation is concerned
[2] as t the problem as to NP有關…的問題
Type5問題
[1] Although much effort has been made， the situation is far from satisfactory （or： the problem remains unsolved， little improvement has been achieved）
[2] There is a tendency， as recent study （investigation） has pointed out （shown， revealed， indicated），+THAT
[3] There is growing concern about +NP
[4] It will inevitably （is likely to ）result in （lead to ） unwanted （serious） consequence （or NP）
[5] Unfortunately，…
[6] We will not be able to afford the risk of overlooking the seriousness of the matter.
[7] The process， once initiated， is most likely irreversible.
[8] We are constantly （frequently） faced with NP
TYPE6重要與必要；（應）注意與重視
[1] NP1 is of great importance （necessity， value） in NP2 （or： NP is of enormous significance）
[2] The importance （necessity） of NP （to do sth.） lies in （the fact） that…
[3] NP1 plays， as is known， an irreplaceably important role in NP2
[4] The irreplaceably important role NP1 plays in NP2 is significant （obvous）
[5] NP1 is an indispensable part of NP2
[6] It is important （necessary） to DO （or：THAT）
[7] Special attention should be pay to …（or： We should pay special attention to…）
[8] What we should take into consideration is +NP
Type7行動
[1]（immediate， emergent， effective） Measures are being taken （has been taken， should be taken） to DO
[3] We have made much effort， there is still more we need to make （cf. We have learnt a lot， there is much more we need to lea123）
Type8二擇其一
[1] If it were left for me to decide whether （wh-clause），I would， without hesitation， choose+to DO （or： I would prefer the former/the latter）
[2] To DO/NP is a matter of prerence.
[3] It is difficult to make a choice for one can hardly gain most without losing any.
[4] The difficulty lies in the fact that the advantages and disadvantages of both cases are equally obvious.
[5] In fact， we may well preserve a delicate balance or compromise between the two than go to extreme.
[6] It is not sensible to exclude one of the choices completely
[7] （of two conflicting ideas， concepts） Though conflicting to one another， they are so closely associated that understanding one will be impossible without discussing the other.
[8] The benefits of NP are varied…
[9]While disadvantages are unavoidable， it is the advantages that prevail.
給災區的孩子們：高考英語核心詞匯
1.alter v. 改變,改動,變更
2.burst vi.n. 突然發生,爆裂
3.dispose vi. 除掉；處置；解決；處理(of)
4.blast n. 爆炸；氣流 vi. 炸,炸掉
5.consume v. 消耗,耗盡
6.split v. 劈開；割裂；分裂 a.裂開的
7.spit v. 吐（唾液等）；唾棄
8.spill v. 溢出,濺出,倒出
9.slip v. 滑動,滑落；忽略
10.slide v. 滑動,滑落 n. 滑動；滑面；幻燈片
11.bacteria n. 細菌
12.breed n. 種,品種 v. 繁殖,產仔
13.budget n. 預算 v. 編預算,作安排
14.candidate n. 候選人
15.campus n. 校園
16.liberal a. 慷慨的；豐富的；自由的
17.transform v. 轉變,變革；變換
18.transmit v. 傳播,播送；傳遞
19.transplant v. 移植
20.transport vt. 運輸,運送 n. 運輸,運輸工具
21.shift v. 轉移；轉動；轉變
22.vary v. 變化,改變；使多樣化
23.vanish vi. 消滅,不見
24.swallow v. 吞下,咽下 n. 燕子
25.suspicion n. 懷疑,疑心
26.suspicious a. 懷疑的,可疑的
27.mild a. 溫暖的,暖和的；溫柔的,味淡的
28.tender a. 溫柔的；脆弱的
29.nuisance n. 損害,妨害,討厭（的人或事物）
30.insignificant a. 無意義的,無足輕重的；無價值的
31.accelerate vt. 加速,促進
32.absolute a. 絕對的,無條件的；完全的
33.boundary n. 分界線,邊界
34.brake n. 剎車,制動器 v. 剎住（車）
35.catalog n. 目錄（冊） v. 編目
36.vague a. 模糊的,不明確的
37.vain n. 徒勞,白費
38.extinct a. 絕滅的,熄滅的
39.extraordinary a. 不平常的,特別的,非凡的
40.extreme a. 極度的,極端的 n. 極端,過分
41.agent n. 代理人,代理商；動因,原因
42.alcohol n. 含酒精的飲料,酒精
43.appeal n./vi. 呼吁,懇求
44.appreciate vt. 重視,賞識,欣賞
45.approve v. 贊成,同意,批準
46.stimulate vt. 刺激,激勵
47.acquire vt. 取得,獲得；學到
48.accomplish vt .完成,到達；實行
49.network n. 網狀物；廣播網,電視網；網絡
50.tide n. 潮汐；潮流
51.tidy a. 整潔的,整齊的
52.trace vt. 追蹤,找到 n. 痕跡,蹤跡
53.torture n./vt. 拷打,折磨
54.wander vi. 漫游,閑逛
55.wax n. 蠟
56.weave v. 織,編
57.preserve v. 保護,保存,保持,維持
61. abuse v. 濫用,虐待；謾罵
62. academic a. 學術的；高等院校的；研究院的
63. academy n. （高等）專科院校；學會
64. battery n. 電池（組）
65. barrier n. 障礙；棚欄
66. cargo n. （船、飛機等裝載的）貨物
67. career n. 生涯,職業
68. vessel n. 船舶；容器,器皿；血管
69. vertical a. 垂直的
70. oblige v. 迫使,責成；使感激
71. obscure a. 陰暗,模糊
72. extent n. 程度,范圍,大小,限度
73. exterior n. 外部,外表 a. 外部的,外表的
74. external a. 外部的,外表的,外面的
75. petrol n. 汽油
76. petroleum n. 石油
77. delay vt./n. 推遲,延誤,耽擱
78. decay vi. 腐爛,腐朽
79. decent a. 像樣的,體面的
80. route n. 路；路線；航線
81. ruin v. 毀壞,破壞 n. 毀滅,[pl.]廢墟
82. sake n. 緣故,理由
83. satellite n. 衛星
84. scale n. 大小,規模；等級；刻度
85. temple n. 廟宇
86. tedious a. 乏味道,單調的
87. tend vi.易于,趨向
88. tendency n.趨向,趨勢
89. ultimate a. 極端的,最大的,最終的 n. 極端
90. undergo v. 經歷,遭受
91. abundant a. 豐富的,充裕的,大量的
92. adopt v. 收養；采用；采納
93. adapt vi. 適應,適合；改編,改寫 vt. 使適應
94. bachelor n. 學士,學士學位；單身漢
95. casual a. 偶然的,碰巧的；臨時的；非正式的
96. trap n. 陷阱,圈套 v. 設陷阱捕捉
97. vacant a. 空的,未占用的
98. vacuum n. 真空,真空吸塵器
99. oral a. 口頭的,口述的,口的
100. optics n. （單、復數同形）光學
101. organ n. 器官,風琴
102. excess n. 過分,過量,過剩
103. expel v. 驅逐,開除,趕出
104. expend v. 消費
105. expenditure n. 支出,消費；經費
106. expense n. 開銷,費用
107. expensive a. 花錢多的；價格高貴的
108. expand v. 擴大,擴張；展開,膨脹
109. expansion n. 擴大,擴充；發展,膨脹
110. private a. 私人的,個人的
111. individual a. 個別的,單獨的 n. 個人,個體
112. personal a. 個人的,私人的；親自的
114. personnel n. [總稱]人員,員工；人事部門
115. the Pacific Ocean 太平洋
116. the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋
117. the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋
118. the Antarctic Ocean 南冰洋
119. grant vt. 授予,同意,準予
119. grand a. 宏偉大,壯麗的,重大的
120. invade v. 侵入,侵略,侵襲
121. acid n. 酸,酸性物質 a. 酸的；尖刻的
122. acknowledge v. 承認；致謝
123. balcony n. 陽臺
124. calculate vt. 計算,核算
125. calendar n. 日歷,月歷
126. optimistic a. 樂觀
127. optional a. 可以任選的,非強制的
128. outstanding a. 杰出的,突出的,顯著的
129. export n. 出口（物） v. 出口,輸出
130. import n. 進口（物） v. 進口,輸入
131. impose vt. 把...加強(on)；采用,利用
132. religion n. 宗教,宗教信仰
133. religious a. 宗教的
134. victim n. 犧牲品,受害者
135. video n. 電視,視頻 a. 電視的,錄像的
136. videotape n. 錄像磁帶 v. 把...錄在錄像帶上
137. offend v. 冒犯,觸犯
138. bother v. 打攪,麻煩
139. interfere v. 干涉,干擾,妨礙
140. internal a. 內部的,國內的
141. beforehand ad. 預先,事先
142. racial a. 人種的種族的
143. radiation n. 放射物,輻射
144. radical a.根本的；激進的
145. range n. 幅度,范圍 v. （在某范圍內）變動
146. wonder n. 驚奇,奇跡 v. 想知道,對...感到疑惑
147. isolate vt. 使隔離,使孤立
148. issue n. 問題,爭論點；發行,（報刊）一期
149. hollow a. 空的,中空的,空虛道
150. hook n. 鉤 vt. 鉤住
151. adequate a. 適當地；足夠
152. adhere vi. 粘附,附著；遵守,堅持
153. ban vt. 取締,禁止
154. capture vt. 俘虜,捕獲
155. valid a. 有效的,有根據的；正當的
156. valley n. 山谷,峽谷
157. consistent a. 堅固定；一致的,始終如一的
158. continuous a. 繼續的,連續（不斷）的
159. continual a. 不斷地,頻繁的
160. explode v. 爆炸；爆發；激增
161. exploit v. 剝削；利用,開采
162. explore v. 勘探
163. explosion n. 爆炸；爆發；激增
164. explosive a. 爆炸的；極易引起爭論的
165. remote a. 遙遠的,偏僻的
166. removal n. 除去,消除
167. render vt. 使得,致使
167. render vt.呈遞, 歸還, 著色, 匯報, 致使, 放棄, 表演, 實施 vi.給予補償 n.交納, 粉刷, 打底
168. precaution n. 預防,防備,警惕
169. idle a. 懶散的,無所事事的
170. identify vt. 認出,鑒定
171. identify n. 身份；個性,特性
172. poverty n. 貧窮
173. resistant a. (to)抵抗的,抗...的,耐...的
174. resolve vt. 解決；決定,決意
175. barrel n. 桶
176. bargain n. 便宜貨 vi. 討價還價
177. coarse a. 粗的,粗糙的,粗劣的
178. coach n. 教練；長途公共汽車
179. code n. 準則,法規,密碼
180. coil n. 線圈 v. 卷,盤繞
181. adult n. 成年人
182. advertise v. 為...做廣告
183. advertisement n. 廣告
184. agency n. 代理商,經銷商
185. focus v.（使）聚集 n. 焦點,中心,聚焦
186. forbid vt. 不許,禁止
187. debate n./v. 辯論,爭論
188. debt n. 欠債
189. decade n. 十年
190. enclose vt. 圍住；把...裝入信封
191. encounter vt./n. 遭遇,遭到
192. globe n. 地球,世界；地球儀
193. global a. 全球的；總的
194. scan vt. 細看；掃描；瀏覽
195. scandal n. 丑事,丑聞
196. significance n. 意義；重要性
197. subsequent a. 隨后的,后來的
198. virtue n. 美德,優點
199. virtual a. 實際上的,事實上的
201. portion
n. 一部分
202. target n. 目標,靶子 vt. 瞄準
203. portable a. 手提式的
204. decline v. 拒絕,謝絕；下降
205. illusion n. 錯覺
206. likelihood n. 可能,可能性
207. stripe n. 條紋
208. emphasize vt. 強調,著重
209. emotion n. 情感,感情
210. emotional a. 感情的,情緒（上）的
211. awful a. 極壞的,威嚴的,可怕的
212. awkward a. 笨拙的,棘手的
213. clue n. 線索,提示
214. collision n. 碰撞,沖突
215. device n. 裝置,設備
216. devise vt. 發明,策劃,想出
217. inevitable a. 不可避免的
218. naval a. 海軍的
219. navigation n. 航行
220. necessity n. 必需品；必要性
221. previous a. 先,前,以前的
222. provision n. [pl.]給養,口糧；準備,設備,裝置
223. pursue vt. 追逐；追求；從事,進行
224. stale a. 不新鮮的,陳腐的
225. substitute n. 代用品 vt. 代替
226. deserve vt. 應受,應得,值得
227. discrimination n. 歧視；辨別力
228. professional a. 職業的,專門的
229. secure a. 安全的,可靠的
230. security n. 安全,保障
231. scratch v./n. 抓,搔,扒
232. talent n. 才能,天資；人才
233. insurance n. 保險,保險費
234. insure vt. 給...保險,保證,確保
235. nevertheless ad. 仍然,然而,不過
236. neutral a. 中立的,中性的
237. spot n. 地點；斑點 vt. 認出,發現；玷污
238. spray v. 噴,（使）濺散
239. medium a. 中等的,適中的 n. 媒介物,新聞媒介
240. media n. 新聞傳媒
241. auxiliary a. 輔助的,備用的
242. automatic a. 自動的
243. compete vi. 競爭,比賽
244. competent a. 有能力的,能勝任的
245. competition n. 競爭,比賽
246. distribute vt. 分發
247. disturb vt. 打攪,妨礙
248. infer v. 推論,推斷
249. integrate v.（使）成為一體,（使）合并
250. moist a. 潮濕
251. moisture n. 潮濕
252. promote vt. 促進；提升
253. region n. 地區；范圍；幅度
254. register v./n.登記,注冊
255. stable a. 穩定的
256. sophisticated a. 老于世故的,老練的；很復雜的
257. splendid a. 極好的,壯麗的,輝煌的
258. cancel vt. 取消,廢除
259. variable a. 易變的,可變的
260. prospect n. 前景,前途；景象
261. prosperity n.興旺,繁榮
262. aspect n. 方面；朝向；面貌
263. cope vi. (with)（成功地）應付,處理
264. core n. 果心,核心
265. maintain vt. 維持,保持；堅持,主張
266. mainland n. 大陸
267. discipline n. 紀律；懲罰；學科
268. domestic a. 本國的,國內的；家用的；家庭的
269. constant a. 不變的,恒定的 n. 常數
270. cliff n. 懸崖,峭壁
271. authority n. 權威；當局
272. audio a. 聽覺
273. attitude n. 態度
274. community n. 社區,社會
275. commit vt.犯（錯誤,罪行等）,干（壞事等）
276. comment n./vt. 評論
277. distinguish vt. 區分,辨別
278. distress n. 痛苦,悲傷 vt. 使痛苦
279. facility n. [pl.] 設備,設施；便利,方便
280. faculty n.能力,技能;系,學科/院;全體教員
281. mixture n. 混合,混合物
282. mood n. 心情,情緒；語氣
283. moral a. 道德上的,有道德的
284. prominent a. 突出的
285. substance n. 物質；實質
286. substantial a. 可觀的；牢固的；實質的
287. prompt vt. 促使 a. 敏捷的,及時的
288. vivid a. 生動的
289. vocabulary n. 詞匯（量）；詞匯表
290. venture n. 風險投資,風險項目 v. 冒險；取于
291. version n. 版本,譯本；說法
292. waist n. 腰,腰部
293. weld v./n. 焊接
294. yawn vi. 打哈欠
295. yield vi. (to)屈服于；讓出,放棄 n.
產量
296. zone n. 地區,區域
297. strategy n. 戰略,策略
298. strategic a. 戰略（上）的,關鍵的
299. tense a. 緊張的 v. 拉緊 n. 時態
300. tension n. 緊張（狀態）,張力
301. avenue
n. 林蔭道,大街
302. available a. 現成可用的；可得到的
303. comparable a. (with,to)可比較的,類似的
304. comparative a. 比較的,相對的
305. dash vi. 猛沖,飛奔
306. data n. 數據,資料
307. dive vi. 跳水,潛水
308. diverse a. 不同的,多種多樣的
309. entitle vt. 給...權利,給...資格
310. regulate vt. 管理,調節
311. release vt./n. 釋放,排放；解釋解脫
312. exaggerate v. 夸大,夸張
313. evil a. 邪惡的,壞的
314. shrink vi. 起皺,收縮；退縮
315. subtract v. 減（去）
316. suburb n. 市郊
317. subway n. 地鐵
318. survey n./vt. 調查,勘測
319. wealthy a. 富裕的
320. adjust v. 調整,調節
321. attach vt. 系,貼；使附屬
322. profit n. 利潤,益處；v. 有益于,有利于
323. profitable a. 有利可圖的
324. slope n. 斜坡,斜面
325. reinforce vt. 增強,加強
326. reject vt. 拒絕
327. fatal a. 致命的；重大的
328. fate n. 命運
329. humble a. 謙遜的；謙虛的
330. illegal a. 不合法的,非法的
331. award vt. 授予,判給 n. 獎品,獎金
332. aware a. 意識到
333. column n. 柱,圓柱；欄,專欄
334. comedy n. 喜劇
335. dumb a. 啞的；沉默的
336. dump vt. 傾卸,傾倒
337. deaf a. 聾的；不愿聽的
338. decorate vt. 裝飾,裝璜
339. principal a. 最重要的 n. 負責人,校長
340. principle n. 原則,原理
341. prior a. 優先的,在前的
342. priority n. 優先,重點
343. prohibit vt. 禁止,不準
344. remarkable a. 值得注意的,異常的,非凡的
345. remedy n./vt. 補救,醫治,治療
346. repetition n. 重復,反復
347. vain a. 徒勞的,無效的
348. undertake vt. 承擔,著手做；同意,答應
349. unique a. 唯一的,獨特的
350. obstacle n. 障礙（物）,妨礙
351. odd a. 奇特的,古怪的；奇數的
352. omit vt. 省略
353. opponent n. 敵手,對手
354. opportunity n. 機會,時機
355. orchestra n. 管弦樂隊
356. semester n. 學期；半年
357. semiconductor n. 半導體
358. seminar n. 研討會
359. terminal a. 末端的,極限的 n. 終點
360. territory n. 領土
361. approximate a. 大概的,大約 v. 近似
362. arbitrary a. 隨意的,未斷的
363. architect n. 建筑師
364. architecture n. 建筑學
365. biology n. 生物學
366. geography n. 地理（學）
367. geology n. 地質學
368. geometry n. 幾何（學）
369. arithmetic n. 算術
370. algebra n. 代數
371. entertainment n. 娛樂；招待,款待
372. enthusiasm n. 熱情,熱心
373. entry n. 進入,入口處；參賽的人（或物）
374. environment n. 環境
375. episode n. 插曲,片段
376. equation n. 方程（式）
377. restrain vt. 阻止,抑制
378. restraint n. 抑制,限制
379. resume v. （中斷后）重新開始
380. severe a. 嚴重的
381. sexual a. 性的
382. simplicity n. 簡單；樸素
383. simplify vt. 簡化
384. sorrow n. 悲哀,悲痛
385. stuff n. 原料,材料 vt. 填進,塞滿
386. temporary a. 暫時的,臨時的
387. temptation n. 誘惑,引誘
388. terror n. 恐怖
389. thrust v. 擠,推,插
390. treaty n. 條約,協定
391. arise vi. 產生,出現,發生；起身
392. arouse vt. 引起,激起；喚醒
393. burden n. 重擔,負荷
394. bureau n. 局,辦事處
395. marvelous a. 奇跡般的,驚人的
396. massive a. 大的,大量的,大塊的
397. mature a. 成熟的
398. maximum a. 最高的,最大的
399. minimum a. 最低的,最小的
400. nonsense n. 胡說,冒失的行動
301. avenue n. 林蔭道,大街
302. available a. 現成可用的；可得到的
303. comparable a. (with,to)可比較的,類似的
304. comparative a. 比較的,相對的
305. dash vi. 猛沖,飛奔
306. data n. 數據,資料
307. dive vi. 跳水,潛水
308. diverse a. 不同的,多種多樣的
309. entitle vt. 給...權利,給...資格
310. regulate vt. 管理,調節
311. release vt./n. 釋放,排放；解釋解脫
312. exaggerate v. 夸大,夸張
313. evil a. 邪惡的,壞的
314. shrink vi. 起皺,收縮；退縮
315. subtract v. 減（去）
316. suburb n. 市郊
317. subway n. 地鐵
318. survey n./vt. 調查,勘測
319. wealthy a. 富裕的
320. adjust v. 調整,調節
321. attach vt. 系,貼；使附屬
322. profit n. 利潤,益處；v. 有益于,有利于
323. profitable a. 有利可圖的
324. slope n. 斜坡,斜面
325. reinforce vt. 增強,加強
326. reject vt. 拒絕
327. fatal a. 致命的；重大的
328. fate n. 命運
329. humble a. 謙遜的；謙虛的
330. illegal a. 不合法的,非法的
331. award vt. 授予,判給 n. 獎品,獎金
332. aware a. 意識到
333. column n. 柱,圓柱；欄,專欄
334. comedy n. 喜劇
335. dumb a. 啞的；沉默的
336. dump vt. 傾卸,傾倒
337. deaf a. 聾的；不愿聽的
338. decorate vt. 裝飾,裝璜
339. principal a. 最重要的 n. 負責人,校長
340. principle n. 原則,原理
341. prior a. 優先的,在前的
342. priority n. 優先,重點
343. prohibit vt. 禁止,不準
344. remarkable a. 值得注意的,異常的,非凡的
345. remedy n./vt. 補救,醫治,治療
346. repetition n. 重復,反復
347. vain a. 徒勞的,無效的
348. undertake vt. 承擔,著手做；同意,答應
349. unique a. 唯一的,獨特的
350. obstacle n. 障礙（物）,妨礙
351. odd a. 奇特的,古怪的；奇數的
352. omit vt. 省略
353. opponent n. 敵手,對手
354. opportunity n. 機會,時機
355. orchestra n. 管弦樂隊
356. semester n. 學期；半年
357. semiconductor n. 半導體
358. seminar n. 研討會
359. terminal a. 末端的,極限的 n. 終點
360. territory n. 領土
361. approximate a. 大概的,大約 v. 近似
362. arbitrary a. 隨意的,未斷的
363. architect n. 建筑師
364. architecture n. 建筑學
365. biology n. 生物學
366. geography n. 地理（學）
367. geology n. 地質學
368. geometry n. 幾何（學）
369. arithmetic n. 算術
370. algebra n. 代數
371. entertainment n. 娛樂；招待,款待
372. enthusiasm n. 熱情,熱心
373. entry n. 進入,入口處；參賽的人（或物）
374. environment n. 環境
375. episode n. 插曲,片段
376. equation n. 方程（式）
377. restrain vt. 阻止,抑制
378. restraint n. 抑制,限制
379. resume v. （中斷后）重新開始
380. severe a. 嚴重的
381. sexual a. 性的
382. simplicity n. 簡單；樸素
383. simplify vt. 簡化
384. sorrow n. 悲哀,悲痛
385. stuff n. 原料,材料 vt. 填進,塞滿
386. temporary a. 暫時的,臨時的
387. temptation n. 誘惑,引誘
388. terror n. 恐怖
389. thrust v. 擠,推,插
390. treaty n. 條約,協定
391. arise vi. 產生,出現,發生；起身
392. arouse vt. 引起,激起；喚醒
393. burden n. 重擔,負荷
394. bureau n. 局,辦事處
395. marvelous a. 奇跡般的,驚人的
396. massive a. 大的,大量的,大塊的
397. mature a. 成熟的
398. maximum a. 最高的,最大的
399. minimum a. 最低的,最小的
400. nonsense n. 胡說,冒失的行動
題記：高考考試并不是一廂情愿的取決于參考者努力的程度，它是取決于每一個參與者在信息不對稱的情況下，每個人利用給定的知識范疇內給自己做出一個最有利的假設之后的一種平衡。這是說明如果一個人對考試的理解的深度較高時，即使你努力的程度比別人低，比別人獲得高分的幾率多些；如果一個人對考試理解深度較低，即使比別人更加努力，分數仍舊難以超越他人。
時間越來越少，我們急需一種能夠在最短時間內能夠抓分的方法，就目前而言，做好選擇題無疑是最好的方法。
選擇題的特點：
1、選擇題分數所占比例高，約占750分的40%以上，即315~330分。
2、選擇題可猜答，有一定幾率不會做也能得分。
3、選擇題容易丟分也容易得分，單題分值較大，而且存在干擾選項做誤導，選擇題好壞能決定你與他人的優勢或劣勢。
4、選擇題可快速答題，留下時間做大題，也可浪費你大量時間，叫你來不及做題。
5、掌握選擇題大題技巧可做到所有科目選擇題既能快速解答，有能獲取滿分。
搏眾應許多同學們的要求，今天給大家帶來管衛東的選擇題考試技術，說一下如何以技術手段在現有階段，幫助學生在原有知識水平上，決勝高考。
這里提到三個概念點，思維、標準化試題（選擇題）、大題難題。
我們先用標準化試題考試技術引出思維層面，再結合大題難題，做一個系統的綜述。
英語寫作中常用句子及套用模式
寫作是語言的重要環節，看看英語考試中對作文的重視就明白了（分值提高了，字數增加了，連GRE的邏輯也變成了寫作），可這一點卻恰恰是很多同學心中永遠的痛。在考研中，寫作意義極其重大，其性價比（即投入的時間和提高的幅度）非常高，在我看來，如果你的閱讀水平還可以的話，寫作將是你的突破口。另外流利的寫作還會為你節約時間用在閱讀上。至于練習的時間，我覺得，考前二三個月開始，每天10~20分鐘，最后再加些量完全可以達到80分以上的水平。
提高寫作只有一個字――“恒”，絕對的熟能生巧。我在網上看過高手寫的文章，簡直可以用恐怖來形容，完全是閱讀理解的水平，而作者的訣竅就是每天寫每天練！只要不斷的寫不斷的改，你的文章會讓你自己吃驚。套用一句：寫作恒久遠，練習永流傳。
然而備考的時間是很緊的，不可能每天保持大量的練習，好在其要求也不高，從現在開始，到考前完全可以達到要求，但千萬不要間斷！很多同學都有一個情況，越不寫，越怕寫；越怕寫，越不寫。萬事開頭難，所以開始的練習尤為重要，而練習應以詞句為主+閱讀好文章，我就有一本記錄本，專門收集好的詞句，效果很好。這里列其中一些較簡單實用的，希望能對大家有所幫助（不過，建議同學們最好自己寫，自己收集，印象會深很多，每天花10分鐘過過，絕對值得。另外，我列的句子很有限，多半是骨架，大家要學會擴展，并且在記憶的時候多聯想一下。舉例來說，一篇你的文章，用心改一下，好好套用幾個句式，改些檔次較高的詞和詞組，可以提高不少哦）：
一、總結句型
1） ……in general/above all/with the result that/as a
result/consequently，……
2） As far as I am concerned/as for me，……
3） This truth above seems to be self-evident.
4） Whether we examine the ……above，such things can happens anywhere anytime to anyone.
5） In my point of view，I like/prefer A much more than B.
6） I still prefer A，however，for they teach me not only to be ……but also to be…… ，both in ……and in……
7） There is no doubt that……
8） In order to make our world a better place in which to live we should efforts to……
9） To a large extent，……，therefore，reflects……
10） If all above mentioned measures are achieved，……
11） Wherever you are and whatever you do，……is always meaningful.
12） So clear/evident/obvious it is that there are quite different opinions on it.
13） Now，which one do you prefer――the one……or the one……？ Were it left to me to select，I should not hesitated a moment to choose the former/latter.
二、開首句型
1） Have you ever gone……？ Have you ever been to……？ If you have no experience like these，your life is an inadequate one.
2） Are you……？ Are you……？ We are，usually.
3） In large part as a consequence of……，somebody have focused a great deal of attention in recent years on something.
4） We expect the day will come when A with its characteristic of……
5） Being adj.is one of the virtues that people must possess （not only in……but also in……/during……/when……）
6） What A to B，that C to D
7） Currently，there is a widespread/serious concern over that……
8） The reasons for the……are manifold，for instance，……
9） Several factors contribute to this……，such as……，as for as I’m concerned，however，……is the most significant ingredient/element.
10） ……is more violent than what we thought it should be before.
11） There are intimate relations between the two.
三、并列句型
1） Some people like A due to…… However，there are many young people，including me，especially like B.
2） There might be two reasons，I think……，for the change.
3） A and B are both important，they are attribute which are equally necessary for a person to achieve success in his life.
4） Different people have different attitudes towards……，some believe that……others，however，argue that……still others maintain that……
5） First……besides，in addition……what’s more……
6） For one thing……nevertheless，for another……
四、轉折句型
1）……Such defects as mentioned above can be prevented by the other way of ……
2） Except for ……’s sake only.
3） Perhaps A is the wrong word，however，B might be better.
4） First……last but not least……
5） Shall we do this？ Not necessary the case.
6） ……，and vice versa indeed .
7） On the contrary，in spite of these increase……
8） Compared with A，B has many advantages such as……
9） Not so much…… as he had talked about.
10） ……，the truth of the matter，however，is that……
11） For some，the way maybe right，nevertheless，for many others……
12） As everything going to the extreme has its negative aspects，so has……
13） It is fairly well know that……however，it is less know that……
14） ……，but this was not always the case.
15） At first，……different in their opinions，on second thoughts，however，all of them agree to……
16） None the less（盡管如此）……
17） When people succeed，it is because of hard work，however，luck has a lot to do with it too.
18） ……，sometimes it isn’t totally the case，however.
19） Do some A else but B.
五、名理句型
1） It is usually the case that ……
2） It is plain common sense――the more/less……the more/less……
3） The serious reality had taught us a lesson： not being environment friendly will be avenged mercilessly.
4） As a proverb says/as is known to all/as a popular saying goes，……
5） I can think of no better illustration than an English poem/adage which goes like this：……
6） The old story of……can serve as a good illustration that……
六、強調句型
1） With/due to/spurred by……we can certainly cope with any task we are faced with，that is，……
2） The reason why……is no other than……as I know.
3） The same thing is true with……
4） What I want to point out is that，for a person who wants to be successful in life and to be useful in society，he will have to learn to be both A and B.
5） What a wonderful picture？ Especially for we students always swimming in the sea of books！
6） It’s high time that immediate measures were taken to better the strength and face the challenges.
7） Before everything else，……is the secret of success.
七、圖表句型
1） From the figures/statistics given in the table it can be seen/noticed that……
2） From the graph/table/diagram/chart above，we can see that……obviously.
3） As show in the chart/by the graph……
4） Have you ever anticipated the prospects of……in the coming decades？ Let us just take a look at the figures of……as shown in the graph above.
5） The gap between……and……will be further widened.
6） In face of increasingly serious shortage of energy，we should take effective measures/which of the measures we should take？
7） It is clear that the increase of percentage gets greater and greater.
8） By……，the number of……had less/more than doubled/tripled compared with that of……
9） 短語：made up about……/the figure amounted to/will rise to/will reach/will double that/will tripled that
本資料來源于《七彩教育網》http://www.7caiedu.cn
福建省廈門市2009屆高三一模考試
政 治 試 題
說明
1．本試卷分第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)兩部分，其中第Ⅱ卷第25題為選考題，
其他題為必考題。
2．選擇題用2B鉛筆作答于答題卡上，非選擇題用0．5毫米黑色簽字筆直接作答在答題卡規定的答題區域，超過答題區域作答無效.
3．考試時間100分鐘，試卷滿分100分。
第Ⅰ卷(共44分)
本卷共22小題，每小題2分，共44分。在每小題給出的四個選項中，只有一項是符合題目要求的。
1．我國成品油價格實行與國際市場原油價格有控制地問接接軌，以一定時期內國際上幾種原油價格的平均水平為基礎，加上國內平均加工成本、稅金和適當利潤確定。由于國際市場原油價格持續回落，國家發展改革委員會宣布自
A．我國成品油價格由國際市場原油價格決定
B．我國的成品油價格形成機制不斷完善
C．國際原油企業的勞動生產率不斷提高
D．當前我國的成品油價格由國家確定
國務院決定自
單位稅額每升提高0．8元，柴油消費稅單位稅額每升提高0．7元，其他成品油消費稅單位稅額相應提高。回答2―3題。
2．燃油稅改革方案實行多用油者多交稅原則。這
①能促進節能減排，緩解我國能源短缺的局勢
②有利于促進經濟發展方式轉變
③加重消費者的負擔，影響生活水平提高
④增加企業生產成本，降低經濟效益
A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④
3．1998年國務院決定分步實施燃油稅費改革方案。燃油稅費改革方案的推出，需要具備一些必要的條件。此次國家選擇了國際金融危機背景下，國際油價大幅回落的有利條件，推出了燃油稅改革方案。這體現了
A．哲學是世界觀與方法論的統一 B．追求真理是一個永無止境的過程
C．要熱情支持和保護新事物的成長 D．要果斷抓住時機，促成事物的質變
4．消費對生產具有巨大的反作用。下列能直接提高消費對經濟增長的貢獻率的措施是
①對農民實行糧食最低保護價 ②提高居民最低生活保障標準
③提高房地產和證券交易稅率 ④某地政府向居民發放消費券
A．①② B．①③ C．②③ D．②④
5．2008年底北方特大旱情發生后，國家防總和財政部分別下達l億元和2．5億元中央特大抗旱補助費，支持重旱區開展抗旱工作。旱區各省也及時下撥抗旱資金，出臺各種補貼政策。 這表明
A．我國財政能集中力量辦大事 B．財政可以提高人民生活水平
C．國家統籌城鄉安排財政支出 D市場經濟的作用不是萬能的
6．丟塊石頭到水里，水波是逐步遞減的，越向外沖擊力越小，這就是“漣漪效應”。現代國際社會中，一般來說，市場開放程度小、處于全球化邊緣的國家，受到危機的影響也小。“漣漪效應”揭示的經濟學道理是
A．經濟全球化表現為生產和貿易的國際化
B．經濟全球化對不同開放程度國家的影響不同
C．主權國家要努力提高開放型經濟水平
D．經濟落后的國家不宜走對外開放之路
7．當前，我國大學生就業形勢十分嚴峻。國務院’
④到城市和鄉村的基層就業 ②到中小企業和非公有制企業就業
③自主擇業和自主創業 ④靠政策引導就業或競爭公務員考試
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D①②③
8．為切實加強產品質量和食品安全工作，國務院于
A．這有利于保障人民群眾生命健康的權利
B．依法治國是提高行政管理水平的基本要求
C．國務院履行了保障人民民主的職能
D體現了國務院依法執政、民主執政的水平
9．
①全國人大常委會行使國家立法權 ②我國的國家機構實行民主集中制原則
③全國人大常委會行使最高決定權 ④國家主席是全國人大常委會的執行機關
A．①② B．③④ C．①③ D．②④
10．某市政府出臺了加強自律的若干措施：公布領導干部辦公電話和職務分工；“一把手”要通過媒體公開作出服務承諾；精簡行政審批事項。對此有人說：“軟環境軟了官員的身段，硬了是百姓的腰桿兒。”這說明
A．政務公開就能提高行政工作效率
B．保障人民知情權就能實現政府的服務承諾
C．自覺接受人民監督有利于樹立政府權威
D．政府只要加強自律就可以轉變政府職能
11．在
A．人民代表大會制度的優越性
B．自治權是民族區域自治的核心內容
C．我國各民族都應該實行民族區域自治
D．我國形成了平等、團結、互助、和諧的民族關系
12．
A．我國堅持走和平發展道路
B．我國是維護世界和平與穩定的堅定力量
C．和平共處五項原則是我國外交政策的基本立場
D．打擊海盜，維護航海安全是當今世界的主要任務
13．2008年的中國經歷了太多悲愴和喜悅，在抗擊暴風雪、抗震救災、舉辦奧運會、神七航天員太空漫步等事件中，中國人用堅韌、勇敢、智慧向中國和世界交出了滿意的答卷。因此，2008感動中國年度人物特別獎授予了全體“中國人”。這表明
A．包容性是中華文化源遠流長、博大精深的重要原因
B．中華文化熔鑄了民族的生命力、創造力和凝聚力
C．中華民族精神總是產生于特殊的時代
D．中華文化對人們有潛移默化的影響
首屆海峽兩岸文化產業博覽交易會于
展示兩岸城市發展文化產業最新成果，搭建推動兩岸文化交流合作的平臺，共同構筑兩岸文化產業走向國際市場的橋梁。博覽會加強了維系海峽兩岸同胞親情、促進祖國和平統一的精神紐帶。回答14―15題。
14．材料體現
A．參加健康有益的文化活動是培養健全人格的重要途徑
B．兩岸文化交流是發展先進文化的根本目標
C．文化具有深遠持久的特點
D．文化與政治相互交融
15．“一脈傳承．創意未來”是首屆海峽兩岸文化產業博覽交易會的主題。這說明了
A．中華文化的力量集中表現為民族精神的力量
B．兩岸同胞對中華文化有強烈的認同感和歸屬感
C．擁護祖國統一是新時期愛國主義的主題
D．各地區的文化具有明顯的區域特征
截止
1507家。這些網站以傳播淫穢色情和低俗內容為主，違反了《全國人大常委會關于維護互聯網安全的決定》、《互聯網信息服務管理辦法》等法律法規。回答16―17題。
16．上述材料表明
A．發展大眾文化必須提倡多樣化原則
B．文化產業應該把經濟效益放在首位
C．文化產業的發展要實現經濟效益和社會效益的有機結合
D．社會主義思想道德體系應該與社會主義市場經濟相適應
17．為加強網絡文化建設和管理，國家重拳出擊，開展整治互聯網低俗之風專項行動
①是建設社會主義先進文化的客觀要求②是建設社會主義核心價值體系的基礎
③有利于提高全民族的思想道德素質 ④有利于提高國家的文化軟實力
A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ D?①③④
18．意象，是指客觀物象經過創作主體獨特的情感活動而創造出來的一種藝術形象。例如，落花是一種自然現象，但在我國古詩詞中卻賦予了它們以情感和生命。“夜來風雨聲，花落知多少。，，表達了春天的美好；“流水落花春去也，天上人間。”則表達了國破家亡之恨，無可奈何之情；“花自飄零水自流，一種相思，兩處閑愁。”抒發了濃濃的郁悶之情，幽幽的相思之苦。“意象”反映了
A．人們可以擺脫客觀事物的原貌實現藝術形象的主觀創造
B．客觀事物本身存在能動的反映特性，是主觀與客觀的統一
C．思維能夠指導人們的實踐活動，把意識的東西變成現實
D．意識活動在藝術創作中具有獨特的創造性
19 ．
A．人們可以創造一定條件建立多樣性聯系
B．必須創造規律促使現有事物發生變化
C．應該徹底否定舊事物
D．人們可以根據自己的需要創造新的事物
20．某市在創建全國文明城市中，提出創建工作“只有起點、沒有終點，只有逗號、沒有句號”。這說明
A．事物的發展具有前進性的趨勢
B．要堅持為人民謀利益的正確價值取向
C．人們對事物的正確認識需要實踐的檢驗
D．事物的運動是絕對的，靜止是不存在的
21．右邊漫畫：《抓到經濟增長“牛鼻子”》，其中蘊涵的哲理是
A．重視規律的客觀性就能解決問題
B．一切從實際出發是做好經濟工作的基本前提
C．創新能推動人類思維和文化的發展
D．整體與局部是相互聯系相互制約的
22．“You and Me．From one wodd，We are family。Travel dream，A thousand miles，Meeting in Bei―jing．Come tpgrther Put your hand in mine You and Me,From one world,We are family."《Youand Me》這首歌詞，主要揭示了
A．聯系具有普遍性、客觀性
B．真理是有條件的、具體的
B．不同事物存在著不同的矛盾
D．不同人的世界觀是不同的
第Ⅱ卷(共56分)
本卷包括必考題和選考題兩部分。第23――24題為必考題，每個試題考生都必須作答。
第25題為選考題，考生根據要求選擇作答。
[必考部分](46分)
23．(23分)
受罕見自然災害的折騰、全球金融危機的沖擊，2008年的冬天成了中國經濟的“寒冬”。
時光在逼人的寒氣中進入2009年，國家力量在迅速凝結，民族信心在不斷積聚，政府策略在不斷見效……。結合材料回答問題。
材料一
(1)以上兩幅圖各反映了什么經濟現象?2008年下半年以來，國家加大財政支出力度，多
次降低銀行存貸款利率，支持企業發展。請說明國家為什么要運用財政貨幣政策幫助企業
“過冬”?(7分)
材料二針對一些出口加工企業減薪裁員導致的大批農民工返鄉現象，某縣縣委縣政府
于2008年底出臺了若干鼓勵返鄉農民工創業的“暖冬”政策
◆扶持興辦企業。在信貸、稅收、辦證、土地使用、各項收費等方面給予優惠和傾斜。
◆鼓勵二次創業。動員和安排有資金、有技術的農民工到縣內工業園區就業或創業。
◆充實村級班子。利用村級換屆的時機，把有一定市場經驗、有組織能力的返鄉農民工吸收到黨組織和村級班子。
(2)請你為該縣進一步落實“暖冬”政策提出兩條建議，并從政治生活角度說明理由。(6分)
材料三2009年春節消費不僅沒有降溫，反而更加火爆。據商務部監測，春節黃金周，全
國實現消費品零售總額2900億元，同比增長13．8％。四川汶川、北川、青川等災區商品供應豐富、物價穩定，災區人民過了一個歡樂祥和的春節。自古以來，中國人獨有的“過年情結”――冷了什么也不能冷了過年，成了消費市場的強勁動力。
(3)中國人“冷了什么也不能冷了過年”的過年情結蘊含了哪些傳統文化的道理?(4分)
材料四福建省十一屆人大二次會議提出，2009年省政府將力促區域聯動、城鄉協調發
展以推動內需，完善“9?8”投洽會等重要平臺功能，積極開展閩港澳貿易投資合作，加快推進“三通”發展，形成內外需協調拉動經濟增長的格局。據福州海關統計，2009年1月份，福建省紡織服裝出口8．7億美元，比上月增長14 8％。
2009年春節過后，福建沿海某童裝集團決策層在安排2009年內外銷比例意見如下
董事會成員
甲
乙
丙
丁
董事長
備注
內外銷比例
5：5
10：0
3：7
6：4
？
該企業是出口型企業，資金自述力量雄厚，品牌產品2個
(4)如果你是該集團董事長，根據目前國內外形勢和相關政策，運用矛盾觀點為你傾向的
意見闡述若干看法。(6分)
24．(23分)閱讀材料回答問題。
材料一A地區地處山區，農業人口占絕大多數，農民人均土地僅一畝多。上世紀八十年代初，這個地方實行土地承包經營改革，調動了農民的生產熱情，一舉擺脫了靠國家救濟的貧窮面貌。但由于土地生產規模太小，近十年來，農民收入增長緩慢。當地農民流向較為發達的東南沿海城市務工，使勞務收入人均增加700多元，有的還在城里安家落戶。與此同時，農村土地棄耕、拋荒現象也比較嚴重，一些鄉村干部強迫農民將土地低價轉讓給客商經營，農民意見很大。
材料二為解決生產規模小、土地棄耕問題，當地政府通過信訪、實地調查研究等途徑問
計于民。眾多農民積極建言獻策，提出了數千條有關土地利用、增收的意見和建議供政府參
考。該地區政府最后作出了“允許農民按照依法、自愿、有償原則，以轉包、出租、互換、股份合作等形式流轉土地承包經營權”的決定。同時，強調“土地流轉不得損害農民土地承包權益”。這一政策得到了農民的理解和支持。
(1)對本地政府允許土地流轉的決定，個別農民表示不解，認為搞土地流轉就是要在農村實行土地私有制，沒有實際意義。假如你是一位政府工作人員，請結合材料，從經濟生活角度解答這些農民的疑問。(6分)
(2)該地農民是通過什么方式參與民主決策的?結合材料二，說明農民的民主參與對政
府決策的作用。(6分)
(3)運用《生活與哲學》社會基本矛盾的觀點，分析A地區政府的改革舉措。(5分)
材料三為歌頌社會主義新農村建設成就，該地B鎮舉行了一次農民賽歌會，受到農民
的歡迎。下面是該鎮兩位農民觀眾對采訪記者的談話。
觀眾1：“我們收入不多，不敢奢望觀看高雅藝術的演出。我們平時文化生活單調，往往靠喝酒、打牌、看電視消磨時間，有時能看場免費的大戲l心里就很高興。”
觀眾2：“現在唱的基本都是一些老歌，即使是新創作的歌曲，專門反映我們農民生活的歌曲也實在少。”
(4)結合材料三農民觀眾的談話，從文化生活角度，請你談談如何更好地滿足』一大農民日益增長的精神文化需求?(6分)
[選考部分](10分)
25．(10分)
請考生在A、B兩題中任選一題作答。答題時請在答題卡對應的位置上填涂作答的題號。
A．[選修3――國家和國際組織常識]
閱讀材料，運用《國家和國際組織常識》的有關知識回答
材料中“購買美國貨”條款主要違背了WTO的什么原則?運用WTO有關知識，說明我國應持的立場和態度。
B．[選修4――科學思維常識]
隨著經濟的發展，城市道路交通擁堵現象愈發嚴重。某中學高二(2)班以“如何破解城市
道路交通擁堵”為題召開研究性學習討論會。會上有一位同學提出：解決交通擁堵要先從地
面開始，另一位同學提出可以從空中想辦法。受此啟發，班上同學紛紛提出不同的設想，如下圖示：
……
這次討論共征集了30多個方案。
該班級通過這一活動征集方案屬于思維發散的哪種方法?思維發散對思維創新有何幫助？
廈門市2 009年高中畢業班質量檢查
成都市2009屆高中畢業班第三次診斷性檢測（May 09,2009）
英語
(考試時間120分鐘，滿分150分)
第一卷
第一部分 英語知識運用(共兩節，滿分50分)
第一節 單項選擇(共20小題，每小題1分，滿分20分)
從A, B, C, D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
1. ―I promised to draw a map of the engine. Now I’ve made it!
―_______!
A. Thanks a lot B. It’s my pleasure
C. Congratulations D. You’re welcome
2. The cultural exchanges between the two countries help to _______ the understanding and
friendship between the two peoples.
A. increase B. raise C. add D. promote
3. It is all known that Jessica Lynch is _______ among all the American women soldiers who
were sent to
A. the alive luckiest girl B. the luckiest girl alive
C. the luckiest alive girl D. the luckiest girl living
4. Many experts hold the view ______ teacher development is _______ the key to better
education lies.
A. which, where B. on which, in which C. that, where D. that, in which
5. We must keep our room clean, for dirt and disease go _______, you know.
A. hand in hand B. step by step C. from time to time D. one after another
6. ―Sorry, I _____ to post the letter for you.
―Never mind, ______ it myself after school.
A. forget, I’d rather post B. forgot, I’ll post
C. forgot, I’m going to post D. forget, I’d better post
7. ―Maria, how do you like The Talent Show of our class?
―Wonderful! ________.
A. I have shown it B. I’m very interested in it.
C. I want to show it one more time D. I’m trying it again.
8. ―How did their teacher find the boy out?
―She ______ him on the name list of the class.
A. came across B. came down C. came about D. came up
9. ―I’m sorry, I didn’t do a good job.
―Relax, relax. ______, you have tried your best.
A. First of all B. In all C. At all D. After all
10. Tom pretended ______ it, but in fact, he knew it very well a long time ago.
A.. not to listen to B. not to hear about
C. not to have heard about D. not to be listening to
11. I can’t find Mr. Li anywhere in the office building. Where ______ he have gone?
A. must B. could C. should D. would
12. This great event happened _____ the morning ______ February
A. on, of B. in, of C. on, on D in, in
13. Obama was elected ____ president last year, who is ______ first black president of _____ U.S.
A. /, a, the B. /, the, the C. the, a, / D. the, the, /
14. ____ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.
A. To compare B. When comparing
C. While comparing D. When compared
15. A few years ago, My Heart Will Go On was a popular song among young people, _______ were often heard singing it at parties.
A. who B. which C. they D. that
16. Hard-working though he was, ______ there was never enough money for him to pay the bills.
A. / B. and C. but D. it
17. ―Have you got used to the Chinese food, Robert?
―Yes. I don’t like _____ when a Chinese host keeps serving me the food I don’t like.
A. this B. that C. those D. it
18. ―Isn’t it hard to drive downtown to work all the time?
―Yes, and that’s why I ______ to work by train.
A. have gone B. have been going
C. was going D. will have gone
19. She opened her eyes with a start and was about to cry out ______ she heard her father
urgently telling her to keep quiet.
A. while B. when C. before D. after
20. In recent years, this singer isn’t as popular as he used to be, and his latest album ______ only
five thousand copies.
A. is sold B. is selling C. sold D. was sold
第二節 完型填空(共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A,B,C,D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑。
I moved to a new neighborhood two months ago. In the house with a large 21 across the road lived a taxi driver, a single parent with two school-age children. At the end of the day, he would 22 his taxi on the road. I 23 why he did not park it in the garage.
Then one day I learnt that he had another car in his garage. In the afternoon he would come home 24 work, leave his taxi and go out for his 25 affairs in his other car, not in his taxi. I felt it was 26 .
I was curious to see his personal car but did not make it until I 27 to be outside one evening two weeks 28 , when the garage door was 29 and he drove out in his “own” car: a Rolls-Royce(勞斯萊斯)! It shook me completely 30 I realized what that meant. You see, he was a taxi driver. But 31 inside, he saw himself as something else:
A Rolls-Royce owner and a (an) 32 . He drove others in his taxi but himself and his children
in his Rolls-Royce. The world looked at his taxi and 33 him a taxi driver. But for him, a
taxi was just something he drove for a living. Rolls-Royce was something he drove for a (an)
34 .
We go to bed every night and 35 every morning as parents or children, not as bankers, CEOs or professors. We go for a 36 as close friends or go for a vacation as a 37 .
We love life as it is. Yet often, we base our entire happiness and success on how high we 38
the social ladder―how much bigger and better a 39 we have. And we ignore our
Rolls-Royce, by keeping it dusty in our garage. We should focus more on 40 we are than
what do!
21. A. window B. garage C. door D. yard
22. A. park B. stop C. check D. repair
23. A. knew B. understood C. asked D. wondered
24. A. for B. out of C. without D. from
25. A. business B. national C. personal D. public
26. A. wasteful B. meaningful C. wonderful D. plentiful
27. A. appeared B. intended C. expected D. happened
28. A. later B. more C. ago D. before
29. A. broken B. fine C. shut D. open
30. A. once B. before C. when D. until
31. A. far B. deep C. long D. little
32. A. driver B. engineer C. father D. son
33. A. called B. made C. elected D. turned
34. A. experience B. earning C. life D. position
35. A. stay up B. wake up C. stay home D. go home
36. A. competition B. performance C. debate D. party
37. A. family B. company C. team D. whole
38. A. build B. climb C. stand D. lay
39. A. house B. garage C. car D. taxi
40. A. who B. what C. which D. where
第二部分 閱讀理解(共兩節，滿分50分)
第一節 閱讀下列短文， 從每題所給的四個選項(A,B,C,D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑。(共20小題，每小題2分，滿分40分)
A
How would you describe Quincy Jones? Is he an instrumentalist, a composer, an arranger, or a
producer? None of these labels can sum up this remarkable man. He has been known for years to
people who follow popular music. But his part in the We Are the World VCD and the Hands Across
America project made him a national figure.
In addition to these successful efforts, Jones has written the music for many cartoon movies,
including The Color Purple, which won 11 Oscar nominations(提名). He also wrote the music for
Alex Haley’s Roots, a greatly successful television mini―series. These achievements show his
many-sided genius.
Quincy Jones was born on March 14, 1973, in Chicago’s South Side. Ten years later, his family
moved to the Seattle area. It was there that he met Ray Charles, who was three years older than
Jones and who in time would be a world-famous singer. The young musicians performed at small
clubs and weddings. Through Charles’s influence, Jones began composing.
When Jones was only 15, his musical talent impressed Lionel Hampton, who invited him to join
the Hampton band. Jones was ready to quit school to join, but Hampton’s wife, Gladys, stated her
disagreement. Believing that he needed an education, she removed him from the band’s bas. “Get that child out of here,” she yelled, “Let him finish school.”
These experiences made Quincy Jones more determined than ever to success. He finished high school, attended the Berklee College of Music in Boston on a scholarship, and finally did Lionel Hampton’s band. Soon, however, he struck off on his own. The future beckoned(召喚) brightly.
41. Which of the following can best express the main idea of the passage?
A. Ray Charles, Lionel Hampton and Quincy Jones became very close friends.
B. Lionel Hampton played an important rule in the success of Quincy Jones.
C. A college education is very important and necessary in modern music.
D. Quincy Jones had a very lucky, fruitful and successful musical career.
42. Which of the following made Quincy Jones become famous all over the country?
A. His role in the We Are the World VCD and the Hands Across America program.
B. His music for the cartoon film The Color Purple which won 11 Oscar nominations.
C. His meeting with Ray Charles and their performances at small clubs and weddings.
D. His education in the Berklee College of Music in Boston, which is world-class.
43. Whose opinion played an important role in Jones’s school education and college education?
A. Alex Haley’s B. Lionel Hampton’s
C. Ray Charles’s D. Hampton’s wife’s
44. Insisting that Quincy Jones get off the bus, Gladys Hampton was actually very _____.
A. professional B. cruel C. kind D. selfish
B
Friendship can deeply affect the physical and mental health of both men and women. Studies
show that people who have no friends or who are lonely, are more likely to die earlier, get sick
more often and suffer greater physical wear and tear(折磨) than those who have a support system
of friends.
Sometimes, family members may be more likely to give you advice or tell you what you don’t
want to hear. It may not be as good as a friend who will listen to you and guide you, but support
your decisions anyway. The most important elements about friendship are those who suffer
support and do not judge your decisions based on society.
One reason for the link between social support and good health practice seems to be that people
who feel cared for by others are less stress-out and are protected against the symptoms(癥狀) of
depression and loneliness.
Generally, women benefit most because of how they deal with stress. Women are more social in
how they deal with stress than men, while men are more likely to have a “fight or flight” reaction.
Women also tend to have larger, denser social network, in which more people know each other
and help each other, while men typically have smaller groups of friends and will rely on their
wives or other important people for more support. While all these affect people psychologically
(心理上), friendship brings comfort that reduces the ill effects of stress, and the sex difference
also contributes to the difference in the length of one’s life time.
45. In the author’s opinion, a real friend should _________.
A. tell you what to do even if you refuse to hear it.
B. try to persuade you to change your mind quickly.
C. judge your decision according to his/her experience.
D. give you advice but respect your own decision.
46. Women benefit more from friendship than men because _________.
A. women are always cared for by more people than men.
B. women are usually less stress-out when staying with others.
C. women are more likely to solve problems with friends’ help
D. women can always keep more long-life friendship than men
47. According to the passage we can infer that _______.
A. it’s good for women to tell men what they should do or not
B. friends are always more important than family members
C. men don’t want to share their problems with many people
D. the trend that women can live longer makes them more relaxed
48. This passage mainly talks about _________.
A. why people should develop friendship
B. when friendship affects people’s health
C. people’s different attitudes towards friendship
D. the friendship which can make people live longer
C
A2 and AS Level Revision at Easter 2009
Course Dates
Courses run from Monday to Friday each week.
◆ One Week Courses
Monday 6 April―Friday 10 April
Monday 13 April― Friday 17 April
◆ Two Week Courses
Monday 6 April―Friday 17 April
Students may arrive a day earlier (Sunday) and/or depart a day later (Saturday) at extra cost.
Number of Students per Class
The average number of students is usually between 1 and 4 per class. As the numbers increase
in a class, the number of “contact hours” is suitably increased to allow extra time. Many students
will find themselves in privately tutored(指導) classes giving them ultimate flexibility(靈活性) and attention of the Revision Tutor.
Fees
One Week Boarding Fees: 1,495 GB Sterling (5 days/4 nights)
Two Week Boarding Fees: 2,895 GB Sterling (12 days/11 nights)
One Week Day Fees: 1,095 GB Sterling (5 days)
Two Week Day Fees: 2,165 GB Sterling (10 days)
Optional Extra Elements
Extra Night’s Accommodation(住宿): 70 GB Sterling (including meals)
Additional Private Tutoring: 60 GB Sterling per hour
How to Apply
We provide you the majority of A2 and AS subjects. Before you apply, please contact us to tell us which subject areas you would like to cover. We will then be able to check whether a space is available. Once a space has been confirmed as available, you will need to apply online or via the PDF, and also compete the Additional Information PDF. After you apply, we will require you to fill in a detailed form explaining your requirements. If you have any question, don’t hesitate to ask us.
49. Before you apply for the course, you must _______.
A. explain your requirements in a form in detail
B. make sure that they have the area you want
C. go to the school to get the application form
D. complete the Additional Information PDF
50. If you arrive on Sunday and leave on Friday for a two-week course, you will have to pay ____.
A. 2,235 GB Sterling B. 2,895 GB Sterling
C. 2,965 GB Sterling D. 2,165 GB Sterling
51. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. If you need the tutor’s extra help, you need to pay more money to them
B. If you apply for the 2-week courses, you will have classes on the weekend in between
C. Tutoring hours are fixed no matter how many students there are in a class.
D. You can take the course on weekdays all the year around in 2009.
52. This passage most probably is a (an) _______.
A. arrangement for the Easter 2009 B. timetable for a new school
C. advertisement for vacation courses D. instruction on how to apply
D
Someday a stranger will read your e-mail without your permission or scan the websites you’ve
visited. Or perhaps someone will casually glance through your credit card purchases or cell phone bills to find out your shopping preferences or calling habits.
In fact, it’s likely that some of these things have already happened to you. Who would watch you without your permission? It might be a husband or wife, a girlfriend, a marketing company, a boss, a police or a criminal. Whoever it is, they will see you in a way you’ve never intended to be seen.
Some experts tell us boundaries are healthy, and it’s important to reveal (暴露) yourself to your friends, family and lovers in stages, at proper times. But few boundaries could remain. The digital equipment makes it easy for strangers to know who you are, where you are and what you like. In some cases, a simple Google search can even reveal what you think. Like it or not, increasingly we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret.
The key question is: Does that matter?
When opinion polls ask Americans about privacy, most say they are concerned about losing it. A survey shows that 60 percent of them feel their privacy is “slipping away, and that bothers me.”
But people often say one thing and do another. Only a tiny number of Americans change the behaviors in an effort to protect their privacy. Few people turn down a discount at tollbooths
(收費站) to avoid using the EZ-Pass system that can track your automobile movements. And few turn down supermarket loyalty cards. Privacy economist Alessandro Acquits has run a series of tests, and these tests show that the majority of Americans will not keep personal secret just in order to get their hands on a pitiful 50-cents-off coupon(優惠券)
But privacy does matter―at least sometimes. It’s like health: when you have it, you don’t notice it. Only when it’s gone, do you wish you’d done more to protect it. So, when it comes to privacy, why do so many people say one thing and do another? And what can be done about it?
53. What would be the experts advise on the relationships between friends?
A. Friends should open their hearts to each other.
B. Friends should always be faithful to each other.
C. There should be a distance even between friends.
D. There should be fewer secrets between friends.
54. The author says “we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret” because ______.
A. modern society has finally entered a much opened society
B. people leave privacy around when using modern technology
C. there are always people who are curious about others’ affairs
D. many search engines profit by selling people’s privacy
55. According to Alessandro Acquits, most Americans _________.
A. like to exchange their personal secret for the commercial benefit
B. aren’t interested in the pitiful commercial benefit to keep their personal secret
C. pay no attention to their personal secret for the commercial benefit
D. can’t keep the balance between their personal secret and the commercial benefit
56.The best title for the passage could be _________?
A. Is Privacy As Important As Health
B. What Can Be Done to Protect the Privacy
C. Does Privacy Matter
D. Does Modern Technology Reveal Privacy
E
I’ve been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one difference and one practice that have greatly helped my writing processes. The difference is between the creative mind and the critical mind. While you need to use both of the creative mind and the critical mind to reach a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like to think so.
Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possible the single greatest trouble with writing that most of us meet. If you are listening to a 5th grade English teacher correcting your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting(稍縱即逝的) thought, the thought will die. If you catch the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want to make writing the tool for thinking as it is.
The practice that can help you overcome your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls “free writing”. In free writing, the goal is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15-20 minutes. No stopping, no going back, no criticizing. The aim is to get t5he words flowing. As the words begin to flow, the ideas will come from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.
Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you’ve persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the pages as the deadlines draws near.
Instead of staring at a blank start and filling it with words no matter how bad they could be, stop halfway through your available time and rework your raw writing into something closer to the finished product. Move back and forth until you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.
57. When the author says the creative mind and the critical mind “cannot work in parallel” in the writing process, he means __________.
A. no one can be both creative and critical
B. they can’t be regarded as equally important
C. they are in constant conflict with each other
D. one cannot use them at the same time
58. What usually prevents people from writing on is ________.
A. putting their ideas in raw form
B. attempting to edit as they’re writing
C. ignoring grammatical problems
D. trying to capture their fleeting thoughts
59. What is the chief purpose of the first stage of writing?
A. To organize one’s thoughts logically.
B. To choose an appropriate topic.
C. To get one’s ideas down quickly.
D. To collect many more raw materials.
60. In what way does the critical mind help the writer in the writing process?
A. It refines his writing into a better shape.
B. It helps him to come up with new ideas.
C. It saves the writing time available to him.
D. It allows him to sit on the side and observe.
第二節 根據對話內容，從對話后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并將答案寫在本題下面
的橫線上。選項中有兩項多余選項。(共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分)
Wife: We are back home now. what a tiring evening we had!
Husband: Yes, and it’s good to sit down after three hours’ standing. Nobody can hear it.
Wife: 61_____.
Husband: Neither could I. Although I’ve been to various parties. I don’t think I’ve ever felt so tired in
my life. 62_____.
Wife: And the heat. I hate the horrible weather there. 63_____.
Husband: Yes, we shouldn’t have accepted the invitation at the very beginning, honey.
Wife: 64_____. We’re only in our early sixties. And we often do exercise.
Husband: Yes, you’re right. But we must be getting old now.
Wife: Come on, darling. 65_____. Then we’ll feel much better.
Husband: Sounds a good idea.
A. I’m not that tired.
B. All that silly talk, and the drink, and the cigarette smoke.
C. What’s more, I didn’t sleep well last night.
D. But we shouldn’t have felt so tired.
E. A good night’s sleep will put you right again.
F. But I could just sit here for ever and ever. And I could never get up.
G. Let’s have some coffee.
61 ____________ 62 ____________ 63 ____________ 64 ____________ 65 ____________
第三部分 寫作(共兩節，滿分50分)
第一節 短文改錯（共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分）
此題要求改正所給短文的錯誤，對標有題號的每一行作出判斷。如無錯誤，在該行右邊橫線上畫一個勾“√”，如有錯誤（每行只有一個錯誤），則按下列情況改正：
此行多一詞：把多余的詞用斜線“\”劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線“\”劃掉；
此行缺一個詞：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號“∧”，在該行右邊橫線上寫上該加的詞；
此行錯一個詞，在錯的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。
注意：原行沒有錯的不要改。
What happens to me that day is just unbelievable. The first 66 ___________
thing to go wrong was all the parking spaces were taken, so I 67 ___________
had to park on the grass and hoped that I wouldn’t get parking 68 ___________
ticket. When I went to the admission office, it was already a 69 ___________
long line of students waiting. At the time it was my turn, two of 70 ___________
the course I needed were filled, so I had to go back to my advisor 71 ___________
and make out a whole new timetable. Although I do sign up for 72 ___________
all my courses, but I missed my lunch. The next thing to go wrong 73 ___________
was that the bookstore had sold out all the textbooks required. I was 74 ___________
wondering what else could possible happen when I saw a policeman 75 ___________
standing beside my car and writing out a ticket.
第二節 書面表達(滿分35分)
請根據下表中的提示，以 “Kitchen―the Most Important Room in the House”為題寫一篇英語
短文。
注意 1. 詞數120左右，短文的開頭已為你寫好(不計入總詞數)
2．短文要有恰當的結尾，并可根據表中的提示適當增加細節，使行文連貫。
對廚房的看法
說明
家庭進餐處.
烹飪, 聚餐等
家庭談話地.
聊天，交換信息
食物儲藏中心.
隨時有吃的
Kitchen―the Most Important Room in the House
Every room in the house is important for its specific function. However, there is one room
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成都市2009屆高中畢業班第三次診斷性檢測
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