3. What does the author suggest we do to help our friends?
A. Be thankful for them.
B. Keep them company.
C. Be quick to respond.
D. Offer practical advice.
4. Which of the following is the most suitable title for the text?
A. How to Win Over People and Make Friends
B. The Benefit of Friendships in Battling Depression
C. The Great Power of Simply Being Present for a Friend
D. Why Friends Can Carry You Through Your Darkest Times
B
Altruists (利他主義者) in the workplace are more likely to help fellow workers, more satisfied with their job and less likely to leave their job, new research by UW-Madison's La Follette School of Public Affairs shows. And these workplace altruists enjoy a pretty important benefit themselves—they are happier than other workers.
"More and more research shows the power of altruism," says La Follette professor Donald Moynihan, "but many people hold the view that we behave altruistically because of hidden self-interest, such as the desire to improve how others see us."
"Our findings make a simple but important point about altruism: helping others makes us happier. Altruism is not a form of self-sacrifice (自我犧牲) for self-interest, but functions for many as part of a healthy psychological reward (心理獎勵) system," Moynihan explains.
Previous research suggests that volunteering makes people happier, but this new study offers new findings—showing altruism in the work environment also increases happiness.
Funded by the UW-Madison Center for Demography of Health and Aging, the study tested the relationship between altruism in the workplace and happiness in two ways. First, using the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study of more than 10,000 Wisconsin high school graduates in 1957, the authors found that individuals in their mid-30s who rated helping others in their work as important said they were happier with their life when surveyed again almost 30 years later. Then the authors tested the same model using the General Social Survey and found similar connections among the desire to help others and happiness.
"The new research adds to the growing study on happiness. In line with earlier research, public service workers reported a higher desire to help others, but the effect of altruism on happiness was the same for both public and private workers," Moynihan notes.
5. What can we learn about altruists according to the new research?
A. They are likely to stay longer in the company.
B. They have more chances to be promoted.
C. They care more about others than themselves.
D. They tend to make other workers happier.
6. Many people mistake altruism as ______.
A. something leading to job satisfaction
B. something driven by individual benefits
C. something connected with self-reflection
D. something centering around others' happiness
7. How was the research carried out?
A. By doing two follow-up surveys.
B. By studying previous experiments.
C. By having interviews with workers.
D. By revising previous research results.
8. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. Altruists undoubtedly feel happy in helping others.
B. Public workers are as happy as private workers.
C. There's growing concern on the effect of altruism.
D. The new research has gained a different result.
答案：3. B
解析：根據A篇最后一段“And we are thankful for the opportunity to be that friend, to offer our presence to those who are hurting...”可知，作者建議通過“陪伴”幫助朋友，B項“Keep them company”符合題意，故選B。
4. C
解析：A篇核心為“簡單的陪伴（being present）對朋友的重要性”，C項“The Great Power of Simply Being Present for a Friend”概括全文主旨，故選C。
B
5. A
解析：根據第一段“Altruists... less likely to leave their job”可知，利他主義者更可能在公司待更長時間，A項正確，故選A。
6. B
解析：根據第二段“many people hold the view that we behave altruistically because of hidden self-interest”可知，人們誤認為利他主義是由個人利益驅動的，B項正確，故選B。
7. A
解析：根據第五段“First... using the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study... Then the authors tested the same model using the General Social Survey”可知，研究通過兩項后續調查進行，A項正確，故選A。
8. A
解析：根據最后一段“the effect of altruism on happiness was the same for both public and private workers”及前文“helping others makes us happier”可知，利他主義者在幫助他人時無疑感到快樂，A項正確，故選A。
