有機實驗的八項注意
１.注意加熱方式
有機實驗往往需要加熱，而不同的實驗其加熱方式可能不一樣。
⑴酒精燈加熱。 酒精燈的火焰溫度一般在400～500℃，所以需要溫度不太高的實驗都可用酒精燈加熱。教材中用酒精燈加熱的有機實驗是：“乙烯的制備實驗”、“乙酸乙酯的制取實驗”“蒸餾石油實驗”和“石蠟的催化裂化實驗”。
⑵ 水浴加熱。水浴加熱的溫度不超過100℃。教材中用水浴加熱的有機實驗有：“銀鏡實驗（包括醛類、糖類等的所有的銀鏡實驗）”、、“乙酸乙酯的水解實驗（水浴溫度為70℃～80℃）”和“ 糖類（包括二糖、 淀粉和纖維素等）水解實驗（熱水浴）”。
⑶用溫度計測溫的有機實驗有： “乙酸乙酯的制取實驗”（以上兩個實驗中的溫度計水銀球都是插在反應液外的水浴液中，測定水浴的溫度）、“乙烯的實驗室制取實驗”（溫度計水銀球插入反應液中，測定反應液的溫度）和“ 石油的蒸餾實驗”（溫度計水銀球應插在具支燒瓶支管口處， 測定餾出物的溫度）。
２、注意催化劑的使用
⑴ 硫酸做催化劑的實驗有：“乙烯的制取實驗”、 “硝基苯的制取實驗”、“乙酸乙酯的制取實驗”、“纖維素硝酸酯的制取實驗”、“糖類（包括二糖、淀粉和纖維素）水解實驗”和“乙酸乙酯的水解實驗”。
其中前四個實驗的催化劑為濃硫酸，后兩個實驗的催化劑為稀硫酸，其中最后一個實驗也可以用氫氧化鈉溶液做催化劑
⑵鐵做催化劑的實驗有：溴苯的制取實驗（實際上起催化作用的是溴與鐵反應后生成的溴化鐵）。
３、注意反應物的量
有機實驗要注意嚴格控制反應物的量及各反應物的比例，如“乙烯的制備實驗”必須注意乙醇和濃硫酸的比例為１：３，且需要的量不要太多，否則反應物升溫太慢，副反應較多，從而影響了乙烯的產率。
４、注意冷卻
有機實驗中的反應物和產物多為揮發性的有害物質，所以必須注意對揮發出的反應物和產物進行冷卻。
⑴需要冷水（用冷凝管盛裝）冷卻的實驗：“蒸餾水的制取實驗”和“石油的蒸餾實驗”。
⑵用空氣冷卻（用長玻璃管連接反應裝置）的實驗： “乙酸乙酯的制取實驗”
這些實驗需要冷卻的目的是減少反應物或生成物的揮發，既保證了實驗的順利進行，又減少了這些揮發物對人的危害和對環境的污染。
５、注意除雜
有機物的實驗往往副反應較多，導致產物中的雜質也多，為了保證產物的純凈，必須注意對產物進行凈化除雜。如“乙烯的制備實驗”中乙烯中常含有CO2和SO2等雜質氣體，可將這種混合氣體通入到濃堿液中除去酸性氣體。
６、注意攪拌
注意不斷攪拌也是有機實驗的一個注意條件。如“濃硫酸使蔗糖脫水實驗”（也稱“黑面包”實驗）（目的是使濃硫酸與蔗糖迅速混合，在短時間內急劇反應，以便反應放出的氣體和大量的熱使蔗糖炭化生成的炭等固體物質快速膨脹）、“乙烯制備實驗”中醇酸混合液的配制。
７、注意使用沸石（防止暴沸）
需要使用沸石的有機實驗:⑴ 實驗室中制取乙烯的實驗; ⑵石油蒸餾實驗。
蕪湖市2009屆高中畢業班模擬考試
數學試卷（理科）
本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）兩部分，共150分，考試時間120分鐘。
注意事項：
1．答卷前，考生務必用2B鉛筆和0.5毫米黑色簽字筆（中性筆）將姓名、準考證號、考試科目、試卷類型填涂在答題卡規定的位置上。
2．第I卷每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應的答案標號涂黑；如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號，答案不能答在試題卷上。
3．第Ⅱ卷必須用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆（中性筆）作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區域內相應的位置，不能寫在試題卷上；如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新的答案；不準使用涂改液、膠帶紙、修正帶，不按以上要求作答的答案無效。
4．參考公式：
第I卷（選擇題）
本資料來源于《七彩教育網》http://www.7caiedu.cn
上 海 市
2009年高三十四校聯考模擬試卷
英 語 試 題
（本試卷共分兩部分，滿分150分，其中第一卷105分，第二卷45分。考試時間：120分鐘）
第Ⅰ卷 （共105分）
Ⅰ．Listening Comprehension（30分）
Section A Short Conversations（10分）
Directions: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers in your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1． A．Doctor and patient. B．Boss and secretary.
C．Teacher and student. D．Conductor and passenger.
2． A．Shopping. B．Study. C．Sport. D．Food.
3． A．At 7:30. B．At 7:45. C．At 8:00. D．At 8:15.
4． A．2 yuan. B．3 yuan. C．1.6 yuan. D．0.16 yuan.
5． A．The pink woolen dress.
B．The blue and white woolen sweater.
C．The blue and white silk dress.
D．The pink silk dress.
6． A．On a bus. B．In a car. C．In an elevator. D．Over a phone.
7． A．Nurse. B．Journalist. C．Doctor. D．Lawyer.
8． A．By train. B．By car. C．By plane. D．By bus.
9． A．Sewing. B．Watching TV. C．Playing golf. D．Playing Badminton.
10．A．She found there were too many characters in the novel.
B．She usually can’t understand the context of the novel.
C．She also found the whole story difficult to understand.
D．She has learned a lot from the novel.
Section B Passages（12分）
Directions: In section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your paper, and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11．A．Daniel. B．Mr. Simon. C．Officer Hitcher. D．Daniel’s two sisters.
12．A．Their hard work and the sense of duty.
B．Their simple life and shinning qualities.
C．Their contribution to local education cause.
D．Their role in advancing scientific study.
13．A．Some special windows in Shanghai Library.
B．A special corner in Shanghai Library.
C．An activity of spreading Chinese culture.
D．Some foreign branches of Shanghai library.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14．A．$ 20,000 million. B．$ 80,000 million.
C．$ 10,000 million. D．$ 100,000 million.
15．A．Only their closest friends and family members.
B．Their colleagues.
C．Only their parents.
D．All their friends.
16．A．The bride and groom invite a small group of guests hold a party.
B．The bride and groom get married first and tell people later.
C．The bride and groom invite some guests to travel to a special place where they hold the
ceremony.
D．The bride and groom choose a secret place for the ceremony.
Section C Longer Conversations（8分）
Directions: In section C, you will hear a longer conversation. The conversation will be read twice. After you hear the conversation, you will be required to fulfill the task by fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard.
Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
When does woman want to travel?
In 17 .
What is not necessary if she travels in Seattle?
A 18 .
How long will she stay there?
19 days.
The flight number of her trip.
20 .
Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.
Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.
What does the woman want to pick up?
21 .
Why is the woman not very well?
She has 22 .
Why does the man think the woman gets sick?
She has been 23 a virus.
What does the man suggest the woman do?
24 .
Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
Ⅱ．Grammar and vocabulary（25分）
Section A
Directions: Beneath each of the following, sentences there are four choices marked A,B,C or D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.
25．―I hear that the Australian bushfire which happened in the north of Melbourne killed at least
181 people and destroyed many buildings.
―Yes, news came as shock to me.
A．the, the B．the, a C．a, the D．a, a
26．The librarian promised to get the book for me she could remember who last
borrowed it.
A．in case B．as long as C．even if D．as far as
27．The study you have been making the ancient Chinese characters is an instructive job.
A．to B．for C．of D．from
28．The bicycles in the other shops will be but .
A．cheaper, not as good B．more cheap, not as better
C．cheaper, not as better D．more cheap, not as good
29．Yassin’s death was not to stop Hamas’ attempt terror attack.
A．hoped; carrying on B．expected; launching
C．hoped; to carry on D．expected; to launch
30．―What’s the matter with you?
―Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach. I so much fried fish just now.
A．shouldn’t eat B．mustn’t have eaten
C．shouldn’t have eaten D．mustn’t eat
31．What is the way George thought of enough money to buy the house?
A．to get B．getting C．having got D．being got
32．Determination is a kind of basic quality and is it takes to do jobs well.
A．what B．that C．which D．why
33．David apologized for to inform me of the change in the plan.
A．his being not able B．him not to be able
C．his not being able D．him to he not able
34． waking from a dream, Silicon Valley has suddenly realized that the
economy means trouble for tech companies.
A．Although, collapsing B．As if, collapsed
C．Although, collapsed D．As if, collapsing
35．Comparison my make something appear more beautiful than it is when alone.
A．to see B．seeing C．is seen D．seen
36．The man showed us such a heavy stone no man could lift.
A．that B．as C．which D．and
37．The Y-shaped Metro Line 11, the longest subway in China, Jiading District, Nanhui
District and the downtown city, will be completed in late 2009.
A．connecting B．connects C．to be connected D．will connect
38．The professor can hardly find sufficient grounds his argument.
A．which to be based on B．on which to base
C．which to be based D．which to base
39．The women carrying babies, come in first, ?
A．will you B．will they C．do you D．don’t you
40．Only when .
A．did he arrive the meeting began B．he arrived the meeting began
C．did he arrive the meeting begin D．he arrived did the meeting begin
Section B
Directions: Complete the passage with the words given in the table. Each word can be used only once. There is an extra one that you will find no use for.
A．reward B．evidence C．currently D．affect AB．Benefit
AC．average AD．therapy BC．physically BD．sensible CD．lengthen
A leading researcher into old age has warned that the dream of living forever, or at least much longer than at present, could turn into a curse（禍根）rather than a blessing. It may become possible to lengthen the 41 human life by controlling genes---but what we gain may not be worth the price we would have to pay.
Professor John Grimley Evens believes that 42 , maximum life expectation is 115, but that with gene 43 it might be possible to extend this. The professor says, however, that a
44 lifestyle can extend the average lifespan of everyone at the moment.
“We know a lot already about how people’s lifestyles 45 their lifespan. There is increasing 46 to suggest that sensible lifestyles are effective in later life as well as in early and middle life.”
“It is never too late to gain some 47 from giving up smoking, from drinking less alcohol, from taking up sensible patterns of diet and exercise and from controlling body weight. We already know how to 48 human life.”
The professor believes that the process of lengthening life by means of gene therapy might bring dangers with it. If gene therapy affected only one part of the human body but not all of it, people might be 49 capable of living longer, but would start to be worse mentally at a much earlier age.
Ⅲ．Reading Comprehension（50分）
Section A（15分）
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C or D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
With oil prices approaching the symbolic mark of $ 100 a barrel, the world is heading towards its third energy shock in a generation. But today's rise is 50 different from the oil crises in the 1970s and 1980s. It will have a greater global impact.
The 51 oil shocks were caused by sudden interruptions in exports from the Middle East. But this time prices have been rising steadily as 52 gasoline in both developed countries and developing economies grows. This is the world’s first demand-led energy shock.
Oil prices 53 $ 98.6 on the New York Mercantile Exchange before falling back to $ 96.4 at the close of trading last Wednesday. Forecasts of future oil prices 54 widely. Virtually no one foresees a return to the $20 oil of a decade ago. It means consumers should face an era of high fuel 55 .
For most of the 20th century, 56 was cheap and abundant. Throughout the 1990s,
57 ,oil prices averaged $20 a barrel. Even at today’s highs, luckily, for the Americans, oil is
58 than imported bottle water.
The concern today is over how the 59 sector（行業）will meet the growth in demand over the longer term.
China faces the 60 . Rapid industrialization has come at a price: Oil demand has increased more than three times since 1980. It turned a country that was once self-sufficient into an oil 61 .
Today, however, China consumes only a third as much oil as the US, which burns a quarter of the 62 oil each day. Europe has managed to reduce oil consumption through high gasoline taxes, small cars and 63 public transportation. But Americans have not.
Experts say no one should count on oil prices rising forever. Economic 64 in the world’s major economies will probably send prices down.
50．A．nearly B．generally C．fundamentally D．traditionally
51．A．past B．unexpected C．world D．recent
52．A．supply of B．demand for C．reservation of D．production of
53．A．remained B．stroke C．dropped D．hit
54．A．range B．reach C．are D．predict
55．A．import B．consumption C．payment D．costs
56．A．food B．oil C．labors D．material
57．A．for example B．however C．nevertheless D．therefore
58．A．consumed more B．cleaner C．more expensive D．cheaper
59．A．industrial B．power C．energy D．various
60．A．chance B．challenge C．crises D．charge
61．A．exporter B．importer C．consumer D．producer
62．A．nation’s B．region’s C．world’s D．fuel
63．A．reducing B．effective C．efficient D．increasing
64．A．control B．growth C．advancement D．slowdowns
Section B （30分）
Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B,C or D. Choose the one that suits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
They say there are three ways to experience the Grand Canyon; on foot, on mules（騾子）or by air. We chose the first. Up early; my husband and I and our three children couldn’t wait to get started. We decided to walk along a lovely path named Bright Angel Trail.
As we set out, I was shocked at how narrow the path was. And I couldn’t help noticing that the other tourists weren’t like us. They had heavy backpacks, water bottles, and hats. But as usual we were dressed, As the sun rose higher, Arizona’s famous heat seemed to roast us. There was no shade and our legs were aching. We decided to go back, with the girl on my back and the boys far behind. By the time we finally got back, our legs were like jelly.
The next day, after we’d had a long rest and a good breakfast, we were ready for another view of the Canyon ? by air. After our last walk, this would be the easiest thing in the world.
We called to each other excitedly as the plane took off and circled around the Canyon. But the smiles on our faces disappeared as the pilot tossed（翻轉）the plane around, pretending he was going to hit the ground. I shouted, “STOP, TAKE US BACK!” When we finally arrived back on land, once again our legs were like jelly. We hardly spoke as we drove back.
As I said, there are three ways to view the Grand Canyon. We never tried the mules, but personally I’d suggest a fourth: buy yourself a good magazine like National Geographic. That way, you can see the Canyon, without fear or tiredness.
65．Which of the following is true according to the second paragraph?
A．They made a careful preparation before the trip.
B．They children were more joyful than their parents.
C．Bright Angel Trail was not as lovely as they expected.
D．The summer heat prevented them from enjoying the view.
66．The underlined expression “Our legs were like jelly” probably means .
A．we were weak B．we were unhappy
C．we were dissatisfied D．we were disappointed
67．Which of the following best describes their Canyon trip by air?
A．It proved to be frightening. B．It was more comfortable.
C．It turned out to be exciting. D．It made each of them tired.
68．We can infer from the passage that .
A．experiencing the Canyon on mules would be the best way.
B．one needs to dress less when visiting the Grand Canyon.
C．the writer was not serious when she made the suggestion.
D．the whole family narrowly escaped from the air accident.
What to expect in the cinema this winter?
Running Time: 1 hour 54 min. Release Date: December7, 2007
Starring: Nicole Kidman, Dakota Blue Richards, Directed by: Chris Weitz
12-year-old Lyra is a girl who lives in a world, where human souls take the form of animal companions. When her best friend disappears, Lyra promises to find him. One thing Lyra packs for the trip is a mysterious compass that many people are violently determined to get. What is awaiting her?
Running Time: 1 hour 42min. Release Date: December14, 2007
Starring: Will Smith, Alice Braga, Dash Mihok,
Robert Neville, a brilliant scientist, isn’t quite brilliant enough to stop a man-made virus from escaping and killing everyone in sight. Somehow, Robert is Virus-free. As Robert realizes that his time may be up, he’s determined to find a way to save the human race―using his own virus-free blood.
Running Time: 1 hour 57 min. Release Date: November 29, 2007
Starring: Laz Alonso, Chris Brown,
It’s Christmas! Time for joy! Love! Gifts! And, oh family. For the first time in many years, the whitefields are all coming home. It should be a happy time for all, but after years away, it’s clear that there are plenty of reasons they’ve grown apart. How can all these people and all their secrets survive under one roof? By the time the presents are opened, they are to find out what they have missed for these years―family.
Running Time: 2hours 20min Release Date: December 22nd, 2007
Starring: Emile Hirsch, Marcia Harden
Freshly graduated from Harvard with a bright future, 22 year-old Christopher instead walked out of his “good” life and into the wild in search of adventure. What happened to him on the way changed this young wanderer into an enduring symbol for countless people. Was Christopher a heroic adventurer or another American loser?
69．The film with the longest running time is .
A．The Golden Compass B．I AM Legend
C．This Christmas D．Into the Wild
70．“This Christmas” probably .
A．reveals how to choose Christmas gifts for our relatives
B．reveals the secrets to a successful marriage
C．reveals the importance of money to any family
D．reveals the truth of a family and its real problems
71．In the movie “Into the Wild”, the “good” life is probably .
A．adventurous and dangerous B．steady and promising
C．risky and exciting D．poor and depressing
China news, Beijing, Feb. 9 ? Housing price in China has always aroused heated discussions among property developers and ordinary Chinese. To many property developers and local government officials, housing price in China is still low compared with many developed countries. However, the average housing price in the United States is only 8,000 yuan per square meter, while in China, it is even higher than in the United States. This shows that there are some bubbles(泡沫) in Chinese real estate market, the International Finance News reported.
Although the average price of residential houses in the United States, after converted to Renminbi, is about 8,000 yuan per square meter, the houses in US are not sold in terms of building area, as most Chinese property developers do when they sell their houses. If US property developers sell their houses according to the building area, then the housing price will be even lower than 8,000 yuan per square meter. In most big Chinese cities, such as Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenzhen, houses are sold at a price even higher than those in the US.
The high housing sales price in large cities in China proves that Chinese real estate market does have some bubbles. Moreover, Chinese houses can not be compared with houses in US in terms of building quality, environment and supporting facilities. Furthermore, it should be noted that American people’s average income is several dozen times higher than that of Chinese people. How can the Chinese afford to buy a house which is even more expensive than that sold in US?
At the beginning of 2007, Chinese government issued a set of policies that aimed to benefit the public. Now in order to reduce the high housing prices, the government can regulate the real estate market by raising tax on property industry and controlling the release of loans and lands to property developers. At the same time, the government should allow people to build more houses through various fund-raising channels, such as funds collected from buyers or raised by working units. By applying these multiple means, it is expected that the high housing prices can be lowered.
72．According to the passage, what is the average housing price per square meter in China?
A．8000 yuan B．10000 yuan C．7000 yuan D．It’s not mentioned here
73．Which of the following does NOT support the idea that the average housing price in China is
even higher than in the United States?
A．Chinese houses can not be compared with houses in US in terms of building quality,
environment and supporting facilities.
B．American people’s average income is several dozen times higher than that of Chinese
people.
C．The houses in US are not sold in terms of building area, as most Chinese property
developers do when they sell their houses.
D．There are more people who need houses in China.
74．What is the main idea of this passage?
A．The housing price in China is so high that the government should do something useful to
prevent it.
B．There are some bubbles in Chinese real estate market.
C．The average housing price in China is even higher than in the United States.
D．Chinese government issued a set of policies that aimed to benefit the public.
75．How many measures are mentioned in the last paragraph in order to reduce the high housing
prices?
A．Four B．Three C．Five D．Two
Some futurologists have assumed that the vast increase of women in the workforce may portend（預示）a rejection of marriage. Many women, according to this hypothesis, would rather work than marry. The opposite of this concern is that the prospects of becoming a multi-paycheck household could encourage marriage. In the past, only the earnings and financial prospects of the man counted in the marriage decision. Now, however, the earning ability of a woman can make her more attractive as a marriage partner. Data show that economic downturns tend to put off marriage because the parties cannot afford to establish a family or are concerned about rainy days ahead. As the economy comes to life, the number of marriages also rises.
The increase in divorce rates follows to the increase in women working outside the home. Yet, it may be wrong to jump to any simple cause-and-effect conclusions. The impact of a wife’s work on divorce is no less cloudy than its impact on marriage decisions. The realization that she can be a good provider may increase the chances that a working wife will choose divorce over an unsatisfactory marriage. But the reverse is equally plausible（似是而非的）. Tensions grounded in financial problems often play a key role in ending a marriage. By raising a family’s standard of living, a working wife may strengthen her family’s financial and emotional stability.
Psychological factors also should be considered. For example, a wife blocked from a career outside the home may feel caged in the house. She may view her only choice as seeking a divorce. On the other hand, if she can find fulfillment through work outside the home, work and marriage can go together to create a stronger and more stable union.
Also, a major part of women’s inequality in marriage has been due to the fact that, in most cases, men have remained the main breadwinners. A working wife may rob a husband of being the master of the house. Depending upon how the couple reacts to these new conditions, it could create a stronger equal partnership or it could create new insecurities.
76．It is said in the passage that when the economy slides_____.
A．men would choose working women as their marriage partners
B．more women would get married to seek financial security
C．even working women would worry about their marriages
D．more people would prefer to remain single for the time being
77．If women find fulfillment through work outside the home,_____.
A．they are more likely to dominate their marriage partners
B．their husbands are expected to do more housework
C．their marriage ties can be strengthened
D．they tend to put their career before marriage
78．One reason why women with no career may seek a divorce is that_____.
A．they feel that they have been robbed of their freedom
B．they are afraid of being bossed around by their husbands
C．they feel that their partners fail to live up to their expectations
D．they tend to suspect their husbands? loyalty to their marriage
79．Which of the following statements can best summarize the authors view in the passage?
A．The stability of marriage and the divorce rate may reflect the economic situation of the
country.
B．Even when economically independent, most women have to struggle for real equality in
marriage.
C．In order to secure their marriage women should work outside the home and remain
independent.
D．The impact of the growing female workforce on marriage varies from case to case.
Section C（5分）
Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading form A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.
A．A “needs statement” is critical to your proposal.
B．Never write a grant proposal only for funding purpose.
C．About school grants.
D．Read and understand the investor’s guidelines and requirements.
E．Describe your project fully.
F．Let your investor know your progress.
80．
You should always seek grant（獎學金）opportunities that match your program’s goals and objectives rather than the other way around. If you change your program based on an investor’s guidelines, you may end up with a project or program that is mere shell（框架）of the original plan. The goal of grant writing is not simply to bring more money in for your agency; the goal is to fund programs that will meet the needs of your investor.
81．
Most funding agencies publish grant guidelines or requirements. Make sure you understand them and follow them exactly. Note the deadline and whether the proposal must be received by the deadline. Don’t have your proposal thrown out because you didn’t follow the guidelines properly. Exceptions are rarely made, regardless of the circumstances. Some investors have special requirements; follow them!
82．
Your “needs statement” drives your entire grant proposal. The proposed program should revolve around the problems faced by your clients. The purpose of the grant is to meet the specific needs you have identified. If you have not adequately described the reason you need the program, including the research data when possible, the investor will see no reason to invest in your project.
83．
Every proposal will require a section that describes the broad goals and measurable objectives of your project. You should detail the activities of your project Your budget and budget narrative must closely match the described activities. Your evaluation should carefully measure whether the stated project objectives are being met on a timely basis. Foundation and corporate investors generally expect this section to be no longer than 5 to 10 pages. Federal grants may allow up to 50 pages or more for a thorough discussion of your project. Again, follow the guidelines of the investor.
84．
If you are fortunate enough to have your proposal funded, send a thank-you note for the grant. Next, keep the funding agency informed about your activities, progress and accomplishments. Invite them to come to see your program in operation. Send reports that tell how you’ve used the funds. In short, make your investor your partner.
第Ⅱ卷（共45分）
Ⅰ．Translation（20分）
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English. You are required to use the word given in the bracket for each respective sentence.
1．出于健康的緣故，他已經戒煙了。（sake）
2．毫無疑問，人們可以從網上獲得他們感興趣的任何東西。（available）
3．據報道，近年來，旅游業每年在全世界有大約5%的增長。（enjoy）
4．作為上海市民，我們強烈地感到辦好2010世博會是我們的職責。（duty）
5．輕軌（elevated train）、地鐵和磁懸浮（maglev train）構成的城市公共交通使上海成為一個
更適宜居住的城市。（make）
6．有消息說，他被復旦大學提前錄取了，這使得他的父母欣喜若狂。（which）
Ⅱ．Guided writing（25分）
Directions: Write an English composition in 120―150 words. The composition must be based on the information given below.
現在，高中生的學習壓力越來越大，甚至出現了廣大師生不愿意看到的情況。請結合自身情況，談談壓力太大的危害以及減少壓力的辦法。
參 考 答 案
Listening comprehension
1-10 CCBAD CBBAC 11-13 ABC 14-16 BAC
17．May 18．passport 19．7 20．CA586
21．An apple pie 22．caught a flu 23．infected with/by 24．Call the doctor
25-29 BBCAD 30-34 CAACD 35-40 DBABAD 41-45 AC, C,AD,BD,D
46-49 B, AB,CD,BC
50-54 CABDA 55-59 DBADC 60-64 BBCCD
65-68 CAAC 69-71 DDB 72-75 DDAB
76-79 DCAD 80-84 BDAEF
Translation（only for reference）
1．He gave up smoking for the sake of his health.
2．There is no doubt that anything that interests people/ people are interested in can be available（to
them）from the Internet/ online.
3．It is reported that/ According to a report, in recent years tourism has enjoyed an annual growth of
about 5% worldwide.
4．As citizens of Shanghai, we feel strongly（that）it（is）our duty to host the 2010 World Expo
well/successfully.
5．The public transportation made up of elevated trains, underground trains and maglev trains has
made Shanghai a better city to live in.
6．Word came that he had been admitted to Fudan University in advance, which made his parents
wild with joy.
Guided Writing（略）
評 分 標 準
Ⅰ．翻譯評分標準
1．第1-4題，每題3分。第5-6題，每題4分。
2．在每題中，單詞拼寫、標點符號、大小寫錯誤累計每兩處扣1分。
3．語法錯誤每處扣1分。每句同類語法錯誤不重復扣分。
4．譯文沒有用所給單詞，扣1分。
Ⅱ．寫作
檔次
內容
語言
組織結構
A
9-10
9-10
4-5
B
7-8
7-8
3
C
5-6
5-6
2
D
3-4
3-4
1
E
0-2
0-2
0
評分標準：（建議均分16分左右）
1．本題總分為25分，其中內容10分，語言10分，組織結構5分。
2．評分時應注意的主要方面：內容要點，應用詞匯和語法結構的數量和準確性及上下文的
連貫性。
3．評分時，先根據文章的內容和語言初步確定所屬檔次，然后對照相應的組織結構檔次給
予加分。其中，內容和語言兩部分相加，得15分或以上者，可考慮加4-5分，15分以下
者只能考慮加0，1，2，3分。
4．詞數少于70，總分最多不超過10分。
各檔次給分要求：
內容部分：
A．內容充實，主題突出，詳略得當。
B．內容較充實，能表達出作文要求。
C．內容基本充實，尚能表達出作文要求。
D．漏掉或未能寫清楚主要內容，有些內容與主題無關。
E．明顯遺漏主要內容，嚴重離題。
語言部分：
A．具有很好的語言表達能力，語法結構正確或有些小錯誤，主要因為試用了較復雜結
構或詞匯所致。
B．具有較強的語言表達能力，語法結構和詞匯的應用基本正確，錯誤主要是因為嘗試
較復雜結構和詞匯所致。
C．有一些語法結構和詞匯方面的錯誤，但不影響理解。
D．語法結構與詞匯錯誤較多，影響了對內容的理解。
E．語法結構與詞匯的錯誤很多，影響了對內容的理解。
組織結構部分：
A．自然地使用了語句間的連接成分，全文流暢結構緊湊。句子結構多樣，詞匯豐富。
B．能使用語句間連接成分，全文流暢結構緊湊。句子結構多樣，詞匯較豐富。
C．能使用簡單的語句間連接成分，全文內容連貫。句子結構有一定的變化，詞匯使用
得當。
D．尚能使用語句間連接成分，語言連貫性較差。句子結構單調，詞匯較貧乏。
E．缺乏語句間的連接成分，語言不連貫。詞不達意。
本資料由《七彩教育網》www.7caiedu.cn 提供！
本資料來源于《七彩教育網》http://www.7caiedu.cn
上 海 市
2009年高三十四校聯考模擬試卷
理科綜合能力測試
（理科使用）
本試卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷兩部分。滿分為150分。考試時間為120分鐘。
第Ⅰ卷（共63分）
考生注意：
第Ⅰ卷（1―21題）為單選題，由機器閱卷，答案必須全部涂寫在答題卡上。考生應將代表正確答案的小方格用2B鉛筆涂黑。注意試題題號和答題卡編號一一對應，不能錯位。答案需要更改時，必須將原選項用橡皮擦去，重新選擇。答案涂寫在試卷上一律不給分。
1．社會主義民主政治的本質和核心是 （ ）
A．共產黨的領導 B．人民代表大會制度
C．人民當家作主 D．人民民主專政
2．右圖為近代某國國家結構及運作示意圖，其所
示政體的理論依據是 （ ）
A．天賦人權學說
B．三權分立學說
C．人民主權說
D．社會契約論
3．如果要制成如右圖所示的人口統計圖，須具備的數據資
料是 （ ）
A．出生率、死亡率
B．死亡率、性別比率
C．出生率、年齡段比率
D．年齡段比率、性別比率
4．下列關于慣性的說法中，正確的是 （ ）
A．豎直上拋一物體該物體上升時的慣性大于下降時的慣性；
B．物體靜止時才有慣性，物體一開始運動。不再保持原有的運動狀態，也就失去了慣性；
C．物體不受力作用時才有慣性；
D．在相同外力作用下獲得加速度小的物體慣性大。
5．用于氣筒給自行車內胎打氣的過程中，打氣筒的筒壁溫度升高的直接原因是 （ ）
A．活塞克服氣筒壁摩擦做功與壓縮氣體做功
B．活塞壓縮氣體做功
C．活塞克服氣筒壁摩擦做功與氣體的熱傳遞
D．活塞克服氣筒壁摩擦做功
6．計算電功率的公式
中，U表示加在用電器兩端的電壓值，R是用電器的電阻值，則此式可用于 （ ）
A．計算電冰箱的功率 B．計算電風扇的功率
C．計算電烙鐵的功率 D．計算一切用電器的功率
7．用a粒子轟擊氮原子核從而發現質子的科學家是 （ ）
A．盧瑟福 B．居里夫婦 C．貝可勒爾 D．查德威克
8．如圖所示，可以在支座上自由轉動的橫梁兩端，分別裝有很輕的鋁環，其中一個是閉合的，另一個是斷開的。如果用條形磁鐵的任一極快速接近兩個圓環，下列解釋正確的是 （ ）
A．磁鐵接近閉合圓環時，圓環靠近磁鐵；
B．磁鐵接近斷開圓環時，圓環靜止不動；
C．磁鐵接近閉合圓環時，圓環靜止不動；
D．磁鐵接近斷開圓環時，圓環靠近磁鐵；
9．某消防隊員從一平臺上跳下，下落2m后雙腳觸地，接著他用雙腿彎曲的方法緩沖，使自身重心又降下0.5m，在著地過程中地面對它雙腳的平均作用力為 （ ）
A．自身重力的8倍 B．自身重力的10倍
C．自身重力的2倍 D．自身重力的5倍
10．在生活中，我們發現周圍有一些特殊的圖標，對以下圖標解釋錯誤的是 （ ）
 |
A．①是易燃易爆的標志 B．②有毒氣體的標志
C．③是節水標志 D．④是綠色食品的標志
11．為了防止四川地區震后出現疫情，醫務人員向受災地區的廢墟、河道等噴灑的含氯消毒劑是 （ ）
A．氯化鈣 B．氯水 C．鹽酸 D．漂粉精
12．下列有關化學史的敘述錯誤的是 （ ）
A．我國春秋晚期能煉鐵，戰國晚期能煉鋼
B．法國科學家道爾頓提出了近代原子學說
C．俄國化學家門捷列大發現了元素周期律
D．意大利科學家阿佛加德羅提出了分子的概念
13．
A．砷化氫比磷化氫穩定
B．酸性：砷酸＞磷酸
C．鎵單質不能與水反應
D．堿性：Ca（OH）3＞Al（OH）3
14．一段時間以來，部分加油站為了牟取暴力，用甲醇代替乙醇，用變通汽油代替乙醇汽油。檢驗汽油是否合格最簡單的方法是往一定量的汽油中加一定量的純凈水混合均勻。合格汽油中加水混合后的則實驗現象正確的是 （ ）
A．出現沉淀 B．發生渾濁
C．分層 D．沒有明顯現象
15．在實驗前我們搭好裝置后都要對裝置的氣密性檢查，以下檢查氣密性描述錯誤的是
（ ）
A．圖甲：把導管b的下端浸入水中，用手緊握捂熱試管a，導管口會有氣泡冒出，松開手后，水又會回升到導管b中，這樣說明整個裝置氣密性好。
B．圖乙：打開活塞，向球形漏斗中加水，使漏斗中的液面高于容器的液面，靜止片刻，液面不變，證明裝置氣密性好
C．圖丙：連接好儀器，向b管中注入適量水，使b管液面高于a管液面。靜置片刻，若液面保持不變，證明裝置不漏氣。
D．圖丁：關閉活塞K從長頸漏斗加水至浸沒下端管口，若漏斗頸出現穩定的高度水柱，證明裝置不漏氣。
16．下列關于葉綠素合成和功能的敘述，錯誤的是 （ ）
A．光是葉綠素合成的必要條件
B．低溫抑制葉綠素的合成
C．礦質元素影響葉綠素的合成
D．提取的葉綠素溶液，給予適宜的溫度、光照和CO2，可進行光合作用
17．
①體溫下降 ②機體耗氧量降低
③皮膚血管收縮 ④體溫調節中樞興奮性增強
⑤甲狀腺激素分泌量增加
A．①③④ B．①④⑤ C．②③⑤ D．③④⑤
18．通過特定方法，科學家將小鼠和人已分化的體細胞成功地轉變成了類胚胎干細胞。有關分化的體細胞和類胚胎干細胞的描述，正確的是 （ ）
A．類胚胎干細胞能夠分化成多種細胞
B．分化的體細胞丟失了某些基因
C．二者功能有差異，但形態沒有差異
D．二者基因組相同，有表達的基因相同
19．將蛙的卵放入含有蛙腦垂體提取液的培養液中，同時檢測某種激素的含量。經過一段時間培養后，再檢測培養液中該激素的含量，發現該激素含量增加，這種激素是（ ）
A．促性腺激素釋放激素 B．促性腺激素
C．促甲狀腺激素 D．雌激素
20．“科技奧運”是2008年北京奧運會的三大理念之一，而興奮劑的檢測是其中一個重要課題。EPO（促紅細胞生成素）是一種傳統的興奮劑，這種興奮劑可增加血液中紅細胞含量，從而提高運動成績，許多運動員因冒險服用而遭禁賽。若借助于基因治療手段，將這種興奮劑的基因注入人體，在身體里形成一個局部的EPO制造基地，那么傳統的尿樣和血樣檢測都無法查出。下列有關基因興奮劑的說法，錯誤的是 （ ）
A．運動員注入的能改善運動員各種運動能力和耐力的基因稱為基因興奮劑
B．EPO（促紅細胞生成素）可增加血液中紅細胞含量，提高運輸氧氣的能力
C．通過DNA檢測，可以查出運動員體內是否加入了基因興奮劑
D．基因興奮劑引起的變異屬于可遺傳變異，產生的物質對人體無副作用
21．有一山區由于開采露天小鐵礦等活動，自然生態系統完全被破壞，成為一片廢墟，為盡快使該山區恢復到原有自然生態系統狀態，應采取的最好措施是在這片廢墟上（ ）
A．回填土壤，引進多種外來物種，重建新的生態系統
B．撤出人類全部活動，實行全面封閉，等待自然恢復
C．回填土壤，栽培當地經濟農作物，發展農業生產
D．回填土壤，栽種當地原有的植物，實行封山育林
第Ⅱ卷（共87分）
第Ⅱ卷（22―53題）為綜合分析題，除題中注明外，選擇題均為單選題。請把答案填寫在答題紙上。
本資料來源于《七彩教育網》http://www.7caiedu.cn
上 海 市
2009年高三十四校聯考模擬試卷
物 理 試 題
考生注意：
1．本試卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。
2．第20、21、22、23、24題要求寫出必要的文字說明、方式程和重要的演算步驟。只寫出最后答案，而未寫出主要演算過程的，不能得分。有關物理量的數值計算問題，答案中必須明確寫出數值和單位。
本資料來源于《七彩教育網》http://www.7caiedu.cn
上 海 市
2009年高三十四校聯考模擬試卷
文科綜合能力測試
（文科使用）
本試卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷兩部分。滿分為150分。考試時間為120分鐘。
第Ⅰ卷（共63分）
考生注意：
第Ⅰ卷（1―21題）為單選題，由機器閱卷，答案必須全部涂寫在答題卡上。考生應將代表正確答案的小方格用2B鉛筆涂黑。注意試題題號和答題卡編號一一對應，不能錯位。答案需要更改時，必須將原選項用橡皮擦去，重新選擇。答案涂寫在試卷上一律不給分。
1．中央一號文件創紀錄連續6次關注三農2009年的中央一號文件再次關注“三農”，這是中央從2004年以來連續第六年將一號文件的落腳點鎖定于“三農”領域，也是中國建國以來決策層對“三農”的最長關注周期。中央一號文件第六次鎖定“三農”原因是（ ）
A．農業是國民經濟的基礎
B．農業的發展對國民經濟具有先導作用
C．發展農業就能達到國民經濟持續快速健康發展
D．農業現代化是國家現代化的重中之重
2．堅持解決好“三農”問題是全黨工作重中之重的戰略思想絲毫不能動搖，促進農業穩定發展、農民持續增收的重要任務絲毫不能放松，支農惠農的政策力度絲毫不能減弱，扎實推進新農村建設的各項工作絲毫不能松懈。從政治學來看，原因在于 （ ）
①我國是人民民主專政的國家 ②黨要管黨，從嚴治黨的原則體現
③三個代表的要求 ④國家機關要對人民負責
A．①③④ B．②③④ C．①③ D．①④
3．發展現代農業應該堅持 （ ）
①用現代科學技術改造農業，提高農業效益
②完善和堅持黨在農村的各項政策，加大惠農力度
③提高農民素質
④統籌城鄉經濟社會發展實行工業反哺農業
A．①②③④ B．③④ C．①②③ D．①②④
4．十七大強調：“擴大社會主義民主，更好地保障人民權益和社會公平正義。”這樣做目的在于 （ ）
①保證人民當家作主
②增強黨和國家活力，調動人民積極性目標
③擴大社會主義民主，讓每一個人成為國家的主人
④建設社會主義法治國家，發展社會主義政治文明
A．①②④ B．②③④ C．①②③ D．①③④
5．社會主義民主政治的本質和核心是 （ ）
A．共產黨的領導 B．人民代表大會制度
C．人民當家作主 D．人民民主專政
6．以下哪些措施可以提高民主化水平 （ ）
①健全民主制度，豐富民主形式，拓寬民主渠道
②實行民主選舉、民主決策、民主管理、民主監督
③保障人民的知情權、參與權、表達權、監督權
④讓每一個人都參與國家決策
A．①②④ B．③④ C．①②③④ D．①②③
7．世界文明豐富多彩，總是呈現多元化的特點。我們在觀察各地區衣食住行的生活特征和考察各民族在思想意識文化的差異時，分析其原因必須考慮的是 （ ）
①地理環境 ②生產方式 ③歷史傳統 ④民族心理
①② B．②③ C．①③④ D．①②③④
8．文字的誕生是人類進入文明社會的重要標志之一。今天世界各地的拼音字母大多由下列圖片中的一種文字演變而來，這種文字是 （ ）
9．法律的發展和完善是人類文明進步的重要體現。觀察下圖，關于羅馬法的說法錯誤的是 （ ）
A．《十二銅表法》是成文法發展的起點
B．《十二銅表法》可以看作是公民法的典型代表
C．從習慣法發展到成文法，根本原因都是平民與貴族的長期斗爭
D．當公民法演變為萬民法時，羅馬成文法已較完善，因此萬民法基本上都是成文法
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10．右圖為近代某國國家結構及運作示意圖，其所
示政體的理論依據是 （ ）
A．天賦人權學說
B．三權分立學說
C．人民主權說
D．社會契約論
11．下列來源于中國互聯網絡信息中心（CNNIC）《中國互聯網絡發展狀況統計報告》的數據，體現出的社會變化不包括 （ ）
A．中國與世界的聯系日益密切 B．信息技術革命在中國得到迅速發展
C．互聯網替代了其它信息傳媒 D．高新技術的發展改變了人們的生活
12．右圖所示郵票紀念的歷史事件發生在（ ）
A．農業時代 B．工業時代
C．信息時代 D．蒸汽時代
13．
14．如果要制成如左圖所示的人口統計圖，須具備的數據資料是 （ ）
A．出生率、死亡率
B．出生率、年齡段比率
C．死亡率、性別段比率
D．年齡段比率、性別比率
15．下列等高線圖中，可能發育有河流的是 （ ）
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A．a線 B．b線 C．c線 D．d線
16．地理信息系統比傳統地圖高明的是，能通過了解某地物隨時間變化的過程，分析該地物的 （ ）
A．發展趨勢 B．位置變化 C．歷史意義 D．區位特征
17．大賣場多布局在中心城區的外圍，是因為這里 （ ）
A．地價比較便宜 B．交通條件好 C．集聚條件好 D．人口密度大
18．我國的產業結構升級大體經歷了四個階段，按時間排序，下列正確的一組是 （ ）
①技術密集型的微電子和信息技術制造業
②勞動密集型的紡織化纖業
③兼具資本、技術密集型的汽車、機械、電器制造業
④資本密集型的鋼鐵、造船、石化行業
A．①②④③ B．②④③① C．③②④① D．④①③②
19．用a粒子轟擊氮原子核從而發現質子的科學家是 （ ）
A．盧琴福 B．居里夫婦 C．貝可勒爾 D．查德威克
20．在生活中，我們發現周圍有一些特殊的圖標，對以下圖標解釋錯誤的是 （ ）
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A．①是易燃易爆的標志 B．②有毒氣體的標志
C．③是節水標志 D．④是綠色食品的標志
21．有一山區由于開采露天小鐵礦等活動，自然生態系統完全被破壞，成為一片廢墟，為盡快使該山區恢復到原有自然生態系統狀態，應采取的最好措施是在這片廢墟上（ ）
A．回填土壤，引進多種外來物種，重建新的生態系統
B．撤出人類全部活動，實行全面封閉，等待自然恢復
C．回填土壤，栽培當地經濟農作物，發展農業生產
D．回填土壤，栽種當地原有的植物，實行封山育林
第Ⅱ卷（共87分）
第Ⅱ卷（22―53題）為綜合分析題，除題中注明外，選擇題均為單選題。請把答案填寫在答題紙上。
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