江蘇省南通市通州區2009屆高考查漏補缺專項檢測
英 語
第I卷 (三部分 共85分)
第一部分 聽力 (共兩節，滿分20分)
做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上答案轉涂到答題卡上。
第一節 （共5 小題；每小題 1 分，滿分5 分）
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
1. Why does the woman want to go to America?
A. To take language courses. B. To attend a conference. C. To visit some friends.
2. What do know about Peter Smith?
A. He is having lunch a home. B. He is out at the moment. C. He is talking with Mary.
3. What is said about the woman?
A. She spends more than she earns.
B. She saves a lot each month
C. She has a tight budget.
4. What do we know about the speakers?
A. They are know traveling in Mexico.
B. They have been to a festival in Mexico.
C. They painted some pictures in Mexico.
5. What is the woman doing?
A. Helping children with AIDS.
B. Raising money for African children.
C. Collecting information on African children.
第二節 （共15小題；每小題 1 分，滿分15分）
聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。
6. What was the man doing during the earthquake?
A. Shouting. B. Running. C. Sleeping.
7. How was the man when the earthquake took place?
A. He was ill. B. He was helpless. C. He was frightened.
聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。
8. Why does the boy love Sunday?
A. He can play basketball.
B. He has no classes at school.
C. He can watch sports on TV.
9. What is the boy expected to do?
A. To help with housework. B. To watch a game on TV. C. To have a good rest.
聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。
10. What is said about medical development in the future?
A. Health care will be free. B. Cancer may be cured. C. AIDS may disappear.
11. What will make distant places more popular for holiday?
A. Better air service. B. Faster air transport. C. Lower cost for air travel.
12. What is the topic of this interview?
A. Future ways of travelling.
B. Medical progress in the future.
C. Changes of life in the next decade.
聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。
13. Where is the woman going now?
A. To an art museum. B. To a Chinese restaurant. C. To an underground station.
14. Why does the woman come to the city?
A. For business. B. For traveling. C. For shopping.
15. Why does the man recommend the restaurant to the woman?
A. The service there is good. B. The food there is tasty. C. The price there is low.
16. According to the man, which is the best means of transport to the restaurant?
A. The bus. B. The taxi. C. The underground.
聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。
17. What kind of passage have you just heard?
A. A public lecture. B. A radio announcement. C. A government statement.
18. What is the main purpose of the event?
A. To increase people’s sense of environment protection.
B. To invite people to join an environmental organization.
C. To persuade families to have an outing in the mountains.
19. How many trees are going to be planted today?
A. 700. B. 2000. C. 4000.
20. What does the speaker advise volunteers to do?
A. To learn some tree-planting skills.
B. To come along any time they like.
C. To bring along their gloves.
第二部分 英語知識運用 (共兩節，滿分35分)
第一節 單項填空 (共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)
請認真閱讀下面各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
21. Ukraine’s people elects Yulia Tymoshenko as _______ prime minister, _______ step that could accelerate the nation’s push to become close to the west.
A. the; a B./; a C. the; the D./ ; the
22. It was reported that 208 couples tied the knot in a group of wedding ceremony held in front of the Bird’s Nest in Beijing, _______ 230 had taken part in the Olympic security work.
A. whom B. which C. in which D. of whom
23. _______ we can’t remove our troubles in life for ever, we can leave them behind when we are on vacation.
A. When B. While C. Unless D. Until
24. ―I can’t imagine Phelps smoking marijuana (大麻).
―___________.
A. Nor am I B. So do I C. Me, too D. Me, neither
25. Many students in this school make _______ a rule to come to the evening classes even on Saturdays.
A. this B. that C. it D. them
26. Despite the great success of Chang’e-l, experts say, it will be at least ten years _______ our astronauts can land on the moon.
A. while B. before C. since D. until
27. ―The experiment is of particular importance.
―I see. We will carry on with it ________ we can get enough money.
A. unless B. though C. whether D. then
28. Steven has a lot of work to _________ in the office since he has been away for quite a few days.
A. take up B. make up C. work out D. carry out
29. Smith was overweight, so the doctor urged that not only _______ have less fat and meat, but also he _______ .
A. should he; take exercise B. ought he; take exercise
C. he should; takes exercise D. he ought; takes exercise
30. ―You shouldn’t have talked back to our teacher like that. It was awfully impolite.
―You are right. I _______ crazy at that moment.
A. must have been B. might be
C. could have been D. should have been
31. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is __________ I disagree.
A. where B. that C. what D. how
32. ―When _____ the next plane from Boston arrive, please?
―Usually at 13:15 but because of the storm, it ________ at 13:45.
A. does; is going to arrive B. will; arrives
C. does; will arrive D. will; is to arrive
33. I just don’t understand _______ that leads to so many teenagers becoming addicted to playing computer games.
A. why it does B. what it does C. what it is D. why it is。
34. Nowadays, in India, women with independent incomes are refusing to _______ the traditional idea of marriage.
A. submit to B. contribute to C. devote to D. subscribe to
35. ―Your flight is boarding now. We’ll have to part.
―Don’t feel blue. _________.
A. A still tongue makes a wise head B. A single flower does not make a spring
C. All good things come to an end D. All that glitters is not gold.
第二節 完形填空 (共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分)
請認真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
We always celebrated my Dad’s November birthday on Thanksgiving Day, even after he entered a nursing home. As years went on, these events took on a(n) 36 meaning －a traditional birthday party for Dad, and a personal 37 for all that he had done for me in my life.
When we knew that it might be Dad’s 38 birthday, the whole family decided to come together for a huge birthday celebration at the 39 home. It was a crowded party with all of us sitting around him. Dad was a wonderful 40 , and here was a biggest audience he’d ever had.
During a quiet moment, I announced that it was now Dad’s turn to 41 stories from us. I wanted everyone to tell Dad what we loved about him. 42 , we told stories from our hearts, 43 Dad listened with wet, flashing blue eyes. We 44 all kinds of lost memories － stories about when we were little, stories about when Dad was young and stories that are shared as family 45 . Even the littlest grandchildren couldn’t 46 to tell their grandfather why they loved him. For a man who had been kind to so many people in his life, here was our 47 to honor him.
A few months later, at Dad’s memorial service, we fully realized what we had given Dad that night. Those were the stories people normally tell at a 48 . They are told, then, full of tears, with the hope that the departed will 49 hear the outpouring of love. But we had given those loving 50 to Dad when he was 51 , told through laughter, accompanied by hugs and joy. I’m sure the stories and memories 52 over in his mind during his last months and days.
Words do 53 , and they are enough. We need to say them, to speak them 54 to the ones we love, for everyone else to hear. That’s the way to 55 love, and our chance to honor a person in life.
36. A. original B. modern C. double D. complex
37. A. apology B. congratulation C. wish D. thanking
38. A. late B. last C. living D. lost
39. A. native B. nursing C. natural D. new
40. A. writer B. listener C. storyteller D. reader
41. A. listen to B. hear of C. make up D. talk about
42. A. Little by little B. Now and then C. All at once D. One after another
43. A. while B. because C. if D. before
44. A. regretted B. recorded C. recalled D. remembered
45. A. thoughts B. possessions C. tales D. treasures
46. A. afford B. wait C. offer D. help
47. A. task B. duty C. chance D. decision
48. A. burial B. party C. meeting D. wedding
49. A. altogether B. afterwards C. anyway D. somehow
50. A. kindness B. memories C. care D. hugs
51. A. healthy B. old C. young D. alive
52. A. rolled B. went C. flied D. came
53. A. benefit B. work C. matter D. mean
54. A. properly B. publicly C. clearly D. correctly
55. A. give back B. search for C. hand over D. fall in
第三部分 閱讀理解 (共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)
請認真閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
A
As you dash outdoors in the middle of winter, you might make it halfway down the block before realizing that your ears are freezing because you forgot your hat.
Now, scientists have shown that even though you’ve had an apparent memory lapse (喪失)，your brain never forgot what you should have done.
Memory works mainly by association. For example, as you try to remember where you left your keys, you might recall you last had them in the living room, which reminds you that there was an ad for soap on television, which reminds you that you need soap, and so on. And then, as you’re heading out the door to buy soap, you remember that your keys are on the kitchen counter.
Your brain knew where the keys were all along, it just took a round-about way to get there.
Now, scientists at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies are studying associative memory in monkeys to figure out just how this complicated process works.
First, the researchers trained a group of monkeys to remember arbitrary pairs of symbols.
The researchers showed the monkeys one symbol (cold weather) and then gave them the choice of two other symbols, one of which (a hat) would be associated with the first. A correct choice would earn them a sip of their favorite juice.
Most of the monkeys performed the test perfectly, but one kept making mistakes.
“We wondered what happened in the brain when the monkeys made the wrong choice, although they apparently learned the right pairing of symbols,” said study leader Thomas Albright.
Albright and his team observed signals from the nerve cells in the monkey’s inferior temporal cortex (ITC), an area of its brain used for visual pattern recognition and for storing this type of memory.
As the monkey was deciding which symbol to choose, about a quarter of the activity in the ITC was due to the choice behavior.
Meanwhile, more than half of the activity was in a different group of nerve cells, which scientists believe represent the monkey’s memory of the correct symbol pairing, and surprisingly, these cells continued to fire even when the monkey chose the wrong symbol.
“In this sense, the cells ‘knew’ more than the monkeys let on in their behavior,” Albright said. “Thus, behavior may vary, but knowledge endures.”
56. The example of the keys and soap is given to explain the relationship between _________.
A. memory lapse and human brain B. memory and association
C. memory and television ads D. memory and our daily life
57. Which of the following best explains the general idea of the text?
A. Your brain may forget something, but not always.
B. Activity is a round-about way to memory.
C. Your brain remembers what you forget.
D. Monkeys have better memory than us.
58. The underlined word “endures” may best be replaced by ________.
A. disappears B. increases C. improves D. remains
B
① Associate Product Manager －New Grad －Beijing
Responsibilities include working with engineers to define products, understanding user needs, researching markets and competitors, and strategizing (制定戰略計劃) future product directions. As you gain more experience, there’s an opportunity for promotion within the organization.
Requirements:
☆ Bachelor’s degree and more than one year of job experience.
☆ Strong organizational and analytical skills.
② Director of Education ―Sylvan Learning Centers ―Long Beach, California
Job description: As a successful director of education, your primary responsibility will be to champion the Sylvan developed curriculum, ensure the quality of the education standards and teachings staff as well as grow the business in your center. We require：
☆ Bachelor’s degree and at least 2 years of teaching experience.
☆ Managerial experience.
③ Area Export Manager ―Beijing Import & Export Corporation ―Beijing
Highly dynamic company is looking for bright, experienced salesperson who will be responsible for the export of frozen seafood and other commodities between China and the USA, Australia, and Canada.
Qualifications:
―Excellent level of English, spoken and written.
―Excellent communication and organizational skills.
―Experienced salesperson with proven results in fast-moving consumer goods essential, preferable in frozen seafood market.
④ Subeditor ―Media Contacts ―London
Working in the fascinating world of law and enforcement(執法), you will be making sure that you are meeting the exceptionally high standards of copy for this company. As part of a team of six, you will be meeting tight deadlines on a daily basis and ensuring regular flow of articles onto the website. Must have a keen eye for detail and confidence in working with challenging copy. Proven track record in subediting, and a practical knowledge of publishing law are required.
Job title
Casual trainer (first aid)
Employer
Medilife
Location
Sydney, NSW Australia 2150
Job type
Part-time
⑤
Job description: Medilife requires able, reliable trainers who can demonstrate the qualities of flexibility and loyalty and join their young, fun-living team. Successful applicants will receive excellent hourly rates. Suitable training provided to the right applicant.
⑥
Job title
Web Designer/Developer―Arlington, Virginia, U.S
Company name
Nature Serve
Job type
Full-time
Job status
Web Designer/Developer
Job function
Web development/ Design Marketing
Career level
Experienced (Non-manager)
Contact information
E-mail: jobs@natureserve.org
59. Which of the following are specially required to most of the positions in the ads?
A. Experience and responsibilities B. Experience and special skills.
C. Special skills and English. D. Responsibilities and bachelor’s degree.
60. The positions are offered in __________ different countries.
A. three B. four C. five D. six
61. Which position is possible for a fresh university graduate to apply for?
A. Web designer B. Associate product manager
C. Export manager D. Casual trainer
62. From ad④ we can infer that a subeditor’s work is to ____________.
A. write articles for website B. copy data from the Internet
C. enforce publishing laws D. examine other people’s writing
Mouse potatoes joined couch potatoes（who spend much time watching TV on the couch）, google officially became a verb and drama queens（extremely emotional persons）finally found the attention when they crossed over from popular culture to mainstream English language.
The mouse potato, the himbo（attractive, empty-headed man）and drama queen were among 100 new words added to the 2006 update of America’s best-selling dictionary, the Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary《韋氏大詞典》. The Internet search engine Google also found its way into the dictionary for the first time as a verb, meaning to find information quickly on the world wide web.
New words and phrases from the fields of science, technology, pop culture and industry are chosen each year by Merriam-Webster’s team of editors after months of looking through books, magazines and even food labels. “They are not tracking spoken language. They are looking for evidence that words have been used in the written English language,” said Arthur Bicknell, senior editor of Merriam-Webster.
Other words first coming into the dictionary this year were soul patch（a small growth of beard under a man’s lower lip）, unibrow（two eyebrows joining together） and supersize － the fast food industry phrase for extra large meals.
The technology world contributed ringtones（changeable incoming cellphone call signals） and spyware（software installed in a computer to track a user’s activities）while biodiesel（生物柴油）and avian influenza（禽流感）came from the world of science.
America’s first dictionary －Noah Webster’s A Compendious Dictionary of the English Language －was published 200 years ago and also introduced some fresh words that have now become familiar. Those “new” words in 1806 included slang, surf, psychology, naturally and Americanize.
63. The mouse potato refers to ____________.
A. a mouse that lives by potatoes
B. a person who spends much time on the computer
C. a mouse that is shown on the screen of the computer
D. a person who likes to eat mice and potatoes
64. Which group of words and phrases is NOT the fresh words for the dictionary of this year?
A. mouse potatoes, google, drama queen.
B. himbo, soul patch, unibrow, supersize.
C. ringtones, spyware, biodiesel, avian influenza.
D. couch potatoes, surf, psychology, Americanize.
65. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the text?
A. New words and phrases were introduced into the dictionary have close relationship with the time.
B. New words and phrases chosen by the editors of the dictionary have been used in written English somewhere.
C. Some words that are now familiar to us used to be fresh words collected in the dictionary.
D. The Merriam-webster Collegiate Dictionary becomes the best-seller because 100 new words are added to it.
66. The text is mainly about that ____________.
A. 100 fresh words are added to the Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary
B. English words change their meaning with the time passing by
C. English language is becoming more and more difficult to learn
D. the Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary will leave out some old words and introduce some new ones.
D
Steve, a twelve-year-old boy with alcoholic parents, was about to be lost forever, by the U.S. education system. He had been failing since first grade. Steve was a big boy, looking more like a teenager than a twelve year old, yet, Steve went unnoticed... until Miss White.
Miss White was a smiling, young, beautiful redhead, and Steve was in love! For the first time in his young life, he couldn’t take his eyes off his teacher; yet, still he failed. He never did his homework, and he was always in trouble with Miss White. His heart would break he was punished for failing to turn in his homework! Still, he did not study.
In the middle of the first term of school, the entire seventh grade was tested for basic skills. Steve hurried through his tests, and continued to dream of other things. His heart was in the woods, where he often escaped alone, trying to shut out the sights, sounds and smells of his alcoholic home.
One day, Miss White’s impatient voice broke into his daydreams.
“Steve!” he turned to look at her.
“Pay attention!”
Steve locked his eyes on Miss White with adolescent adoration, as she began to go over the test results for the seventh grade.
“You all did pretty well,” she told the class, “except for one boy, and it breaks my heart to tell you this, but...” She hesitated.
“...The smartest boy in the seventh grade is failing my class!”
She just stared at Steve, as the class turned around for a good look. Steve dropped his eyes and carefully examined his fingertips.
After that, it was war!! Steve still wouldn’t do his homework even as the punishments became more severe.
“Just try it! ONE WEEK!” He was unmoved.
“You’re smart enough! You’ll see a change!” Nothing happened.
“Give yourself a chance! Don’ give up on your life!” Nothing.
“Steve! Please! I care about you!”
Wow! Suddenly, Steve got it!! Someone cared about him? Someone, totally perfect, CARED ABOUT HIM!
Steve went home from school, thoughtful, that afternoon. He, quickly, gathered up his camping things, this time including his schoolbooks. Determined, he headed for the woods.
The following Monday he arrived at school on time, and he waited for Miss White to enter the classroom. She walked in, all sparkle and smiles! God, she was beautiful! He expected her smile to turn on him. It did not.
Miss White, immediately, gave a quiz on the weekend homework. Steve hurried through the test, and was the first to hand in his paper. With a look of surprise, Miss White took his paper. Obviously puzzled, she began to look it over. Steve walked back to his desk, his heart beating within his chest. As he sat down, he couldn’t resist another look at the lovely woman.
Miss White’s face was in total shock! She glanced up at Steve, then down, then up. Suddenly, her face broke into a bright smile. The smartest boy in the seventh grade had just passed his first test!
From that moment nothing was the same for Steve. Life at home remained the same, but life still changed. He discovered that not only could he learn, but he was good at it! And he continued this course throughout his school life.
After high-school Steve entered the Navy, and he had a successful military career. During his Naval career, he inspired many young people, who without him, might not have believed in themselves.
You see, it’s simple, really. A change took place within the heart of one boy, all because of one teacher, who cared.
67. According to the passage, Miss White can NOT be described as___________.
A. young and beautiful B. smiling but strict
C. charming and encouraging D. impatient but loving
68. How did Miss White’s expression change when she got Steve’s paper?
A. satisfied ―shocked ―surprised ―puzzled
B. puzzled ―surprised ―shocked ―satisfied
C. surprised ―puzzled ―shocked ―satisfied
D. surprised ―shocked ―satisfied ―puzzled
69. Which of the following statements is NOT right according to the passage?
A. Steve fell in love with Miss White at the first sight of her.
B. Steve’s parents were so addicted to drinking that they paid little attention to Steve’s life.
C. Steve would rather stay in the woods to keep himself away from his home.
D. Having being punished many times, Steve determined to work hard and passed his first test.
70. Which of the following can serve as the best title for this passage?
A. The difference a teacher can make B. The school life of a stubborn boy
C. The importance of family education D. The skills of being a good teacher
第Ⅱ卷 (兩部分 共35分)
第四部分 任務型閱讀 (共10小題；每小題1分, 滿分10分)
請認真閱讀下列短文, 并根據所讀內容在文章后表格的空格處里填人最恰當的單詞。注意：每個空格填1個單詞。
I used to be the messiest person alive. Over the years, through watching others and by trial and error, I have finally found ways to come up with plans, organize them and follow through with them.
Make an outline of everything you need to have and do to make your plan happen. Make a list of all of the steps that need to be accomplished and think about what needs to be done.
Detail everything thoroughly and read over it so you can start coming up with some mental solutions of how to carry out your plans.
You should ensure that if for some reason way one doesn’t work, you have way two and way three to lean back on. Therefore, different ways are needed at hand. It’s just a matter of being organized. Chances are that there is always more than one way of doing things, and chances are that if one of those ways doesn’t work, one of the other ones will.
Committing yourself to finishing at least part if not all of your plan at once is also necessary. It will show that you not only have initiative to get things rolling, but that you are interested in the results obtained with making the move to get everything done.
If you make a commitment to finish before a specific time, make sure that you carry that out, and be sure to do everything in the way you said you would, within the time-frame you set for yourself.
Don’t try to tackle more things all at a time. All that does is delay your progress, distract you and make you lose your interest, motivation and energy.
Carrying out an effective plan requires being as organized as possible. You will only achieve this by sticking to the order of the plan and not deviating or trying to do more at a time.
Last but not the least, you should never abandon things mid-project. It will only annoy everyone around you including yourself. Unfinished plans are a waste of time, energy and, in some cases, even money.
So, don’t be afraid of organization. The older we get, the more necessary it becomes to have the skills necessary to follow through with confidence and to be able to carry through plans in an organized and manageable way. It pays to be organized, after all.
Title: Tips on how to be (71)___________ in your life
Tips
Details
(72)___________
(73)___________ down your plan
◆List everything you need
◆List (74)________ you will follow
To make your plan happen
Prepare three (75)__________ ways to carry out your plan
To (76) __________ that you can have some other choices when one way doesn’t work
(77) ___________ to finish at least part of your plan if not all
Do everything (78)__________ your own time-frame
To show yourself you are determined to get things started and caring about the results
Do one thing at once
Stick to the order of your plan
To save your interest, motivation and energy
Finish what you have started
To get your plan (79) ________out thoroughly.
(80)_________________
You shouldn’t be afraid of organization because it’s really worthwhile.
第五部分 書面表達(滿分25分)
請根據下表提供的信息為《21世紀英文報》寫一篇150詞左右的報道，介紹西部貧困地區的一所農村學校接受“希望工程”資助后的變化。
受資助前
受資助后
學校名稱
李莊學校
希望學校
學生情況
多數學生因家貧輟學
輟學學生全部復學
辦學條件
只有一所危房作教室；操場只是一塊空地；一間辦公室
一棟2層教學樓，包括音樂室、美術室、微機室等；體育設備齊全
你的感想
……（考生自擬）
Children Return to School
Thanks to the Hope Project, great changes have taken place in a western country school.
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31種解題方法讓你考試無憂（21）
切割法
晶體結構微觀，如何確定晶體內指定粒子的數目，需要通過想象而完成，因此顯得特別難。切割法是突破這一難點的一種方法。
●難點磁場
請試做下列題目，然后自我界定學習本篇是否需要。
根據圖21―1推測，CsCl晶體中：
圖21―1
(1)每個Cs＋周圍距離相等且最近的Cs＋數目為___________；
(2)每個Cs＋周圍距離相等且次近的Cs＋數目為___________；
(3)每個Cs＋周圍相鄰的Cs＋數目為___________。
●案例探究
[例題]圖21―2中直線交點處的圓圈為氯化鈉晶體中Na＋或Cl－所處的位置，請將其中代表Na＋的圓圈涂黑，以完成氯化鈉晶體結構示意圖，圖中每個Na＋周圍與它最接近且距離相等的Na＋共有______個。
命題意圖：本題主要考查學生對圖形的觀察能力和三維空間想象能力。
知識依托：NaCl的晶體結構，三維空間。
錯解分析：不清楚NaCl晶體中Na＋、Cl－個數比為1∶1，不知道NaCl晶體中Na＋和Cl－交替出現，從而不能準確將代表Na＋的圓圈涂黑；甚至有人面對眾多圓圈，覺得 圖21―2
無從下手。沒有準確的開始，必然導致錯誤的結果。
解題思路：NaCl晶體是由Na＋和Cl－互相結合在一起而堆積起來的，因為同性相斥，異性相吸，陰、陽離子肯定是交替出現的。題中所給出的晶體的9個平面，每個平面的中心是1個離子，其上、下、前、后、左、右共有6個與之相反電荷的離子，平面的4個角上則是4個與之相同電荷的離子。按照這種認識，只要將題示圖中任何一個圓圈涂黑(即認為它是Na＋)，然后再將與之相間隔的一個圓圈涂黑，就得到了NaCl晶體示意圖。
但是，這樣的涂黑，會得到兩種不同的圖形：一種處于立方體中心的是Na＋，另一種則是處于立方體中心的是Cl－。
如果得到前一種圖形，對這兩個問題的回答將比較方便；如果得到后一種圖形，回答第二個問題時將會困難一些。為方便觀察，首先應該把處于立方體中心的那個圓圈涂黑，讓它表示Na＋。
居于立方體中心的Na＋，實際上共有3個平面通過。這樣，我們可對該圖形沿x―平面、y―平面、z―平面分別進行切割，得到如下三個平面：
圖21―3
從圖21―3中可以清楚地看出，在通過中心Na＋的3個平面內，每個平面都有4個Na＋居于平面的4個角上(也即4個頂點上)，這4個Na＋與中心Na＋距離最近且距離相等，符合題目要求。因此，在NaCl晶體中，每個Na＋周圍與它最接近且距離相等的Na＋數目是12個。
答案：或 12。
●錦囊妙計
使用切割法的關鍵是選擇合適的切入點，得到理想的切割面，而非亂切一氣。?
使用切割法的目的是將抽象、復雜的三維圖形切割成形象、簡單的平面圖形，使通過想象難以完成的作業變得形象、具體，化難為易。?
●殲滅難點訓練
1.（★★★）石墨晶體結構如圖21―4所示。每個C原子周圍離它最近且距離相等的C原子個數是( )
A.3 B
圖21―4 圖21―5?
2.（★★★★）圖21―5所示結構是干冰晶體中具有代表性的最小重復單元。則每個CO2分子周圍距離相等且最近的CO2分子數目為( )
A.6 B.8 C.10 D.12
3.(★★★★)如圖21―6，是鉀、氧兩元素形成的一種晶體在高溫時的立體結構。該結構是具有代表性的最小重復單元。試問：每個鉀離子周圍最近且距離相等的鉀離子、氧離子數目分別是________和________。
圖21―6
4.(★★★★★)鉬有一種含氧酸根[MoxOy]z－，式中x、y、z都是正整數；Mo呈＋6價，O呈－2價。可按下面的步驟來理解該含氧酸根的結構：
A.所有Mo原子的配位數都是6，形成[MoO6]n－，呈正八面體，稱為“小八面體”(圖21―7，只畫出部分，下同)；
B.6個“小八面體”共棱連接可構成一個“超八面體”(圖21―8)；
C.“孿超八面體”可由兩個“超八面體”共用2個小八面體形成(圖21―9)。
圖21―7 圖21―8 圖21―9
(1)小八面體的化學式[MoO6]n－的n=___________。
(2)超八面體的化學式是 。
(3)“孿超八面體”的化學式是 。
柳州鐵一中2008―2009學年度高三年級第八次月考
文科綜合試卷
命題：文波 杜雅靜 蔣崇軍 審題：張建軍 徐智平 何天逸 考試時間：2009年4月 11 日
本試卷分為第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）兩部分。滿分300分，考試時間150分鐘。
第I卷（選擇題，共140分）
本卷共35小題，每小題4分，共140分。在每小題給出的四個選項中，只有一項是最符合題目要求的。
讀“四個區域的地形和河流分布圖”，回答1―2題。
1．據圖判斷，下列說法正確的是
①四幅圖中，比例尺最小的是甲圖 ②乙區域所在大洲的人口自然增長率最大
③丙區域中的河流含沙量小，結冰期長 ④丁區域有世界重要商品糧生產國
A．①② B．①③ C.③④ D．②④
2．經乙區域西岸沿海運往丁區域的物質最主要是
A．木材 B．糧食 C．石油 D．電子產品
圖2為一幅地層分布圖。完成3～4題。
3．巖層①、②、③按從老到新的正確排序是
A．①②③ B．③②① C．②③① D．②①③
4．巖層①、②、③、④中不可能含有化石的是
A．①、② B．③、④ C．②、③ D．①、④
圖3為我國某特大城市示意圖。完成5～6題。
5．早期該城市選址的主要區位優勢是
A．地形平坦 B．礦產豐富 C．靠近河流 D．氣候適宜
6．該城市對石油化工廠、高級住宅區的建設規劃，合理的是
A．M―高級住宅區，N―石油化工廠 B．P―高級住宅區， Q―石油化工廠
C．M―高級住宅區， Q―石油化工廠 D．P―高級住宅區， N―石油化工廠
圖4是我國沿海某城市在一次臺風中的風向和風力變化圖。風桿(長線段)上繪有風尾(短線段)的一方指示風向，每一道風尾表示風力2級。完成7～8題．
7．在圖示天氣過程中，臺風中心的移動方向是
A．由西南移向東北 B．由東北移向西南 C．由西北移向東南 D．由東南移向西北
8．南北緯5°之間的海洋上很少形成臺風，其主要原因是
A．海面水溫低 B．空氣以下沉氣流為主 C．地轉偏向力太小 D．空氣濕度太大
下面四幅景觀圖分別是我國已經列為世界遺產的地點，讀圖回答
9．如果按照緯度從南到北排列，正確的順序是
A．平遙古城 皖南村落 開平碉樓 避暑山莊 B．避暑山莊 平遙古城 開平碉樓 皖南村落
C．開平碉樓 平遙古城 避暑山莊 皖南村落 D．開平碉樓 皖南村落 平遙古城 避暑山莊
圖中MN為晨昏線，陰影與空白區域分屬不同的日期，讀圖回答10―11題。
10．如果上圖為南半球，北京時間為
A．0時 B．8時 C．12時 D．16時
11．如果上圖為北半球，下列地理現象可能出現的是
A．此時太陽直射點位于赤道 B．湄公河正值汛期
C．三江平原正值小麥收獲季節 D．巴西高原草木繁茂
12．在中國古代皇帝有至高無上的權力，地位獨尊。以下屬于對皇帝尊稱的是
①天子②孤③圣上④殿下⑤陛下⑥圣駕
A．①②③④ B．②③④⑤ C．①③⑤⑥ D．②④⑤⑥
13．陸游ww w.ks 5u.c om《雜賦》詩寫道：“今朝半醉歸草市，指點青簾上酒樓”，從這句詩中，我們能
獲得的最有效的信息是
A．作為鄉村集市的草市出現于宋代 B．宋代的草市已具較完備的飲食服務設施
C．宋代的草市受到官吏的直接監督 D．陸游所說的草市位于東京汴河兩岸
14．孔子主張社會和諧，墨子主張“兼愛”“非攻”，孟子主張“政在得民”。這些主張產生的共同社會
背景是
A．社會長期動蕩不安 B．百家爭鳴趨于合流 C．奴隸制度全面崩潰 D．封建制度逐步建立
15．馬克思說：資本在它的萌芽時期，不能單靠經濟關系的力量，還要依靠國家政權的幫助才能確保
自己的權利。明清政府的做法
A. 與馬克思的觀點基本一致 B. 與馬克思的觀點基本相反
C. 促進了資本主義萌芽的發展 D.導致了農耕經濟的瓦解
16．孟德斯鳩說：“中國是一個專制的國家。它的原則是恐怖。在最初的那些朝代，政府的專制精神也
許稍微差些；但是今天的情況卻正好相反。” 下列最能夠反映引文中“今天的情況卻正好相反”含義
的史實是
A．唐朝完善三省六部制 B．明朝廢除宰相制度 C．元朝行省制度的建立 D．清朝設置軍機處
17．15世紀中國出現的內閣制和18世紀英國形成的內閣制的相同之處是
A．都制約了君主的權力 B．都有利于資本主義的成長
C．都成為國家權力中心 D．都起到了鞏固政權的作用
18．“大抵徽商……其所積蓄，則十一在內，十九在外。”材料表明徽商
A．注重擴大對外貿易 B．注重擴大商業資本 C．注重謀取政治地位 D．注重擴大經營范圍
19．《左傳》相傳為左丘明解釋《春秋》而作。書中記載“嚶綺奪夷陽五田”、“嚶?與絲矯爭田”、“晉嚶至與周爭堠田”(注：“――”部分為人名)這些歷史現象反映的實質是
A．貴族間的爭權奪利 B．地主土地兼并嚴重 C．土地日漸私有化 D．少數民族對中原的沖擊
20．從下列表格中，你能得出的歷史結論是
抗戰時期國民黨軍隊陣亡人數統計表（局部）
年 代
陣亡人數
1937
125130
1938
249213
1941
144951
1942
87719
A．正面戰場始終抗擊侵華日軍主力 B．國共合作是抗戰勝利的根本保證
C．國民黨是領導抗戰的核心力量 D．國民黨軍隊對抗戰有重大貢獻
21．“某教授。1950年1月生，1968年高中畢業，1969年作為知識青年至黑龍江上山下鄉。1978年考
入廈門大學經濟學系，1982年分配到江西財經大學任教，1996年至1997年在美國斯坦福大學亞太研
究中心做高級訪問學者……”。以上個人履歷反映了
A．《義務教育法》保障了其受教育權利 B．“教育大革命”對其成才起了積極的作用
C．高考招生制度的恢復為他的人生轉折提供了機遇D．作為學者訪問美國得益于中美關系開始正常化
22．貝多芬于1804年創作完成了《英雄交響曲》時,他在總譜的扉頁上寫有“獻給拿破侖．波拿巴”的字
樣。后來當他聽到拿破侖稱帝的消息后, 貝多芬把這一頁就給撕掉了,并在同年的10月出版時改成這樣
一個標題:“為紀念一位偉大人物而寫的英雄交響曲”。你認為貝多芬的這一舉動表明了他的
A．民主主義情感 B．現實主義創作態度 C．民族主義情懷 D．個人英雄主義觀念
23．一位學者認為：“除了西方自由主義的民主制度之外，已找不到足以代替它且具存活能力的其他體
系。”并認為：“世界性的意識形態斗爭不再存在，代之而起的將是經濟流通、無止境地解決技術問題、
環境問題以及品味微妙的消費者需求之滿足。”上述說法應出現于
A．巴黎公社失敗時 B．世貿組織成立時 C．歐元問世時 D．兩極格局時
24．據國家統計局發布的信息，11月份，居民消費價格總水平（CPI）同比上漲2.4%，漲幅連續七個月回落。從2月份CPI同比上漲8.7%，到11月回落到2.4%，今年的物價曲線猶如過山車。引起居民消費價格總水平回落的原因有
學科①政府出臺促進生產發展措施、保障市場供給 ②國家決定2008年對糧食征收出口暫定關稅
學科③國際市場大宗商品價格回落，對市場的傳導作用 ④央行多次降低存貸款利率，流通中貨幣量增加
學科網A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④
中央銀行宣布，從2008年11月27日起下調金融機構一年期人民幣存貸款基準利率各1.08個百分點，至此一年期存款利率為2.52%。回答25―27題。
學科網25．此次央行降息1.08個百分點，調整力度之重，為近年來貨幣政策調控歷史上所罕見。這一調控的目的是
學科網①防止經濟下滑，保持經濟平穩較快發展學科網 ②防止物價過快上漲，控制通貨膨脹壓力
學科③擴大內需，實現內需對經濟的更多拉動學科網 ④降低企業用資成本，增強企業經營能力
學科網A．①②③④ B．①②③ C．①③④ D．①②④
學科網26．張某手中有1萬元現金，后悔沒在9月份存入銀行（當時的利率是4.14%，利息稅為5%）。如果他在12月1日將這1萬元存入銀行，一年后的利息收入會比9月份存入的利息收入
學科網A．增加141.3元 B．減少141.3元 C．增加162元 D．減少162元
學科網27．銀行利率是各國政府進行調控經濟常用的貨幣政策工具。2007年為防止經濟過熱，控制通脹壓力，央行曾6次上調銀行利率；而此次在國際金融危機波及全球，使中國經濟受到嚴重影響的背景下，又連續下調利率。央行的這一做法體現了
學科網①符合實際的認識才具有能動作用 ②政策要隨著實際的變化而變化
學科網③從實際出發，按客觀規律辦事 ④矛盾普遍性與特殊性相結合
學科網A．①②③ B．②③ C．②③④ D．③④
經國務院批準，財政部、國家發改委、國家工商總局聯合發出通知，自2008年9月1日起，在全國統一停止征收個體工商戶管理費和集貿市場管理費。回答28―29題。
學科網28．個體工商戶的管理費是目前個體經濟的最后一項行政事業性收費。管理費的停征
學科網①有利于個體經濟的發展 ②體現市場經濟的開放性
學科網③鼓勵自主創業帶動就業 ④減輕個體工商戶的負擔
學科網A．①③ B．①④ C．②③④ D．①③④
學科網29．隨著社會主義市場經濟體制的建立和不斷完善，工商行政管理部門的職能發生了新變化，表現在
學科網①弱化了政府管理部門的管理職能 ②對市場的管理不再使用行政手段
學科網③主要是進行市場監管，提供公共服務 ④對市場的管理以經濟手段、法律手段為主
學科網A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①② D．③④
30．下表是央行2008年歷次調整利率后股市的表現：
學科網調整時間
調整內容
滬指表現
2008年10月30日
一年期存貸款基準利率下調0.27個百分點
跌1.97%
2008年10月9日
一年期存貸款基準利率下調0.27個百分點
跌3.57%
2008年9月16日
一年期貸款基準利率下調0.27個百分點
跌2.9%
一般情況下， 銀行利潤與股票價格成反比，但銀行利率幾次下調，低迷的股市都沒有好轉。這一
經濟現象體現的哲學道理是
學科網①事物的聯系是具體的、有條件的 ②存在原因不一定產生結果的現象
網 ③存在一種結果由多種原因引起的現象 ④存在一種原因產生多種結果的現象
學A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③ D．②④
31．有些用人單位在招聘大學生時都要附加上“有工作經驗”者優先，對此大學生持反對態度，認為“如果社會不提供機會，我們就永遠沒有工作經驗”。大學生觀點的合理性在于
A．看到實踐具有主觀能動性，先有認識后有實踐 B．認為實踐決定認識，認識源于實踐
學C．承認認識總是隨著實踐的發展而發展 學 D．認識到了學習知識比參加實踐更重要
的厄運而不是通過你自己的厄運來學得聰明”這句話所
強調的是
A．別人的經驗是獲得知識的重要途徑
B．知識是從直接經驗與間接經驗中獲得的
C．別人的經驗都是正確的，要學會利用
D．一般情況下間接經驗比直接經驗重要
33．中央經濟工作會議提出，要把保持經濟平穩較快發展作為2009年經濟工作的首要任務，著力在保
增長上下功夫。這是因為
①發展是科學發展觀的核心 ②發展是我們黨執政興國的第一要務
③發展是解決一切矛盾和問題的根本方法 ④經濟能否較快發展是對我們黨執政能力的考察
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④
《關于深化醫藥衛生體制改革的意見（征求意見稿）》從10月14日起向社會公開征求意見，截至11月14日24時活動止，通過網絡、傳真、信件等方式共收到意見建議35260條。回答34―35題。
34．《關于深化醫藥衛生體制改革的意見（征求意見稿）》向社會公開征求意見，市民可以各種方式參
與討論，提出各種意見和建議。在這個過程中我國公民
A．參與了民主決策 B．履行了政治性義務 C．參與了民主監督 D．參與了民主管理
35．全國各省、自治區、直轄市的群眾通過網絡、信件等不同形式參與到征求意見活動中，充分體現
了廣大群眾對于醫藥衛生體制改革的關心和支持。這表明
①基層民主自治進程速度加快 ②公民政治表達的渠道拓寬
③公民政治參與的意識增強 ④我國公民政治權利的擴大
A．①③ B．②④ C．①④ D．②③
第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題共160分）
本卷共6大題，共160分。
36．（36分）下圖是某流域地區示意圖，讀圖完成下列要求：
（1）該河流為 ，A城市以西鐵路線的名稱是 ，該城市發展鋼鐵工業生產的區位優勢是 （10分）
（2）簡要說明該地所處高原的植被分布特點及其原因。（4分）www.ks5u.com
（3）該地區發展種植業的優勢是（4分）
（4）分析影響該地區農業生產發展的主要環境問題及其產生原因。（14分）
（5）簡要分析近年來烏梁素海的水環境不斷惡化的原因。（4分）
37．（32分）材料一 從英國的工業化來看，雖然工業化是以私營企業為主要形式進行的，并且就國內經濟運行來看，基本上是市場調節，政府直接干預較少。但是，政府在經濟發展中卻發揮了如下兩種重要作用：一是在國內通過立法和強制的手段，為資本主義經濟的運行和發展提供了制度保障；二是通過武力向海外擴張和掠奪，為本國資本主義經濟的發展提供了豐富資源和廣大市場。沒有上述兩種政府的作用，英、法、德甚至美國早期資本主義國家的市場化和工業化是不可能實現的。
――引自嚴仲平主編《中國近代經濟史(1840－1894)》
材料二 “作為一個后發外生型國家，中國是從19世紀開始進入由農業文明向現代工業文明轉型的現代化過程的。西方世界的霸權威脅與文明示范是一個不可或缺的關鍵性啟動因素。……中國內部已經孕育和生長著現代化的因素”。“中國現代化啟動的歷史象征不可能不是模糊的，……從1800年這樣一個沒有明確時限和特定事件的時間開始。”
――引自許紀霖、陳達凱主編的《中國現代化史》
材料三 武昌起義后，孫中山發給國內的電報中說：“此后社會當以工商實業為競點，為新中國開一新局面。”南京臨時政府的第八號公報指出：“實業為民國將來生存命脈，今雖兵戰未息，不能不確實經營，已成者當竭力保存，未成者宜先事籌畫。”
――引自陸仰淵、方慶秋；《民國社會經濟史》
材料四 有學者認為，近現代中國的和平崛起大致可分為三個階段：第一階段，從1840年到1949年新中國成立，中華民族尋求自立、解放和現代化。第二階段，從1949年到1979年，新中國奠定國民經濟基礎。中國建立國民經濟、工業、大學基礎體系，制造出“兩彈一星”。通過工農業產品價格剪刀差，為工業化積累資金。第三階段，1979年以來，中國的發展可謂占盡“天時、地利、人和”。
回答：
事例材料運用四句訣
一篇優秀的文章無不有鮮明的時代感、豐富的人文內涵和可讀性很強的事例材料。如何運用好這些材料就成了考生寫作的關鍵，因為它能夠很好地體現考生思想認識的深度和語言駕馭能力。新鮮的材料平庸地運用會使之黯然失色，陳舊的材料精彩地表述卻會使之流光溢彩。那么，怎樣的運用才是生花的妙筆呢？
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